Database Commons
Database Commons

a catalog of worldwide biological databases

Database Profile

General information

URL: http://www.genenames.org/
Full name: HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee
Description: HGNC is responsible for approving unique symbols and names for human loci, including protein coding genes, ncRNA genes and pseudogenes, to allow unambiguous scientific communication.
Year founded: 2008
Last update: 2023-09-13
Version:
Accessibility:
Manual:
Accessible
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Country/Region: United Kingdom

Classification & Tag

Data type:
DNA
Data object:
Database category:
Major species:
Keywords:

Contact information

University/Institution: European Bioinformatics Institute
Address: Hinxton,Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,UK
City: Hinxton
Province/State: Cambridge
Country/Region: United Kingdom
Contact name (PI/Team): HGNC team
Contact email (PI/Helpdesk): hgnc@genenames.org

Publications

36243972
Genenames.org: the HGNC resources in 2023. [PMID: 36243972]
Seal RL, Braschi B, Gray K, Jones TEM, Tweedie S, Haim-Vilmovsky L, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. The HGNC database (www.genenames.org) currently contains over 43 000 approved gene symbols, over 19 200 of which are assigned to protein-coding genes, 14 000 to pseudogenes and nearly 9000 to non-coding RNA genes. The public website, www.genenames.org, displays all approved nomenclature within Symbol Reports that contain data curated by HGNC nomenclature advisors and links to related genomic, clinical, and proteomic information. Here, we describe updates to our resource, including improvements to our search facility and new download features.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2023:51(D1) | 47 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
36792746
The case for standardizing gene nomenclature in vertebrates. [PMID: 36792746]
McCarthy FM, Jones TEM, Kwitek AE, Smith CL, Vize PD, Westerfield M, Bruford EA.
Nature. 2023:614(7948) | 4 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
35880706
A standardised nomenclature for long non-coding RNAs. [PMID: 35880706]
Seal RL, Tweedie S, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) is the sole group with the authority to approve symbols for human genes, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes. Use of approved symbols ensures that publications and biomedical databases are easily searchable and reduces the risks of confusion that can be caused by using the same symbol to refer to different genes or using many different symbols for the same gene. Here, we describe how the HGNC names lncRNA genes and review the nomenclature of the seven lncRNA genes most mentioned in the scientific literature.

IUBMB Life. 2022:() | 4 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
36461115
The bridge-like lipid transfer protein (BLTP) gene group: introducing new nomenclature based on structural homology indicating shared function. [PMID: 36461115]
Braschi B, Bruford EA, Cavanagh AT, Neuman SD, Bashirullah A.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. The use of approved nomenclature enables effective communication between researchers, and there are multiple examples of how the usage of unapproved alias symbols can lead to confusion. We discuss here a recent nomenclature update (May 2022) for a set of genes that encode proteins with a shared repeating β-groove domain. Some of the proteins encoded by genes in this group have already been shown to function as lipid transporters. By working with researchers in the field, we have been able to introduce a new root symbol (BLTP, which stands for "bridge-like lipid transfer protein") for this domain-based gene group. This new nomenclature not only reflects the shared domain in these proteins, but also takes into consideration the mounting evidence of a shared lipid transport function.

Hum Genomics. 2022:16(1) | 4 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
33152070
Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2021. [PMID: 33152070]
Tweedie S, Braschi B, Gray K, Jones TEM, Seal RL, Yates B, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still update placeholder and problematic symbols, we are working towards stabilizing symbols where possible; over 2000 symbols for disease associated genes are now marked as stable in our symbol reports. All of our data is available at the HGNC website https://www.genenames.org. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species lacking their own nomenclature committee. In addition to the previous VGNC core species of chimpanzee, cow, horse and dog, we now name genes in cat, macaque and pig. Gene groups have been added to VGNC and currently include two complex families: olfactory receptors (ORs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In collaboration with specialists we have also named CYPs in species beyond our core set. All VGNC data is available at https://vertebrate.genenames.org/. This article provides an overview of our online data and resources, focusing on updates over the last two years.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2021:49(D1) | 166 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
30304474
Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2019. [PMID: 30304474]
Braschi B, Denny P, Gray K, Jones T, Seal R, Tweedie S, Yates B, Bruford E.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 40 000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established in 2016 to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species that lack their own nomenclature committees. The VGNC initially assigned nomenclature for over 15000 protein-coding genes in chimpanzee. We have extended this process to other vertebrate species, naming over 14000 protein-coding genes in cow and dog and over 13 000 in horse to date. Our HGNC website https://www.genenames.org has undergone a major design update, simplifying the homepage to provide easy access to our search tools and making the site more mobile friendly. Our gene families pages are now known as 'gene groups' and have increased in number to over 1200, with nearly half of all named genes currently assigned to at least one gene group. This article provides an overview of our online data and resources, focusing on our work over the last two years.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2019:47(D1) | 181 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
27799471
Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2017. [PMID: 27799471]
Yates B, Braschi B, Gray KA, Seal RL, Tweedie S, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. Currently the HGNC database contains almost 40 000 approved gene symbols, over 19 000 of which represent protein-coding genes. In addition to naming genomic loci we manually curate genes into family sets based on shared characteristics such as homology, function or phenotype. We have recently updated our gene family resources and introduced new improved visualizations which can be seen alongside our gene symbol reports on our primary website http://www.genenames.org In 2016 we expanded our remit and formed the Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) which is responsible for assigning names to vertebrate species lacking a dedicated nomenclature group. Using the chimpanzee genome as a pilot project we have approved symbols and names for over 14 500 protein-coding genes in chimpanzee, and have developed a new website http://vertebrate.genenames.org to distribute these data. Here, we review our online data and resources, focusing particularly on the improvements and new developments made during the last two years. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2017:45(D1) | 186 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
25361968
Genenames.org: the HGNC resources in 2015. [PMID: 25361968]
Gray KA, Yates B, Seal RL, Wright MW, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. To date the HGNC have assigned over 39,000 gene names and, representing an increase of over 5000 entries in the past two years. As well as increasing the size of our database, we have continued redesigning our website http://www.genenames.org and have modified, updated and improved many aspects of the site including a faster and more powerful search, a vastly improved HCOP tool and a REST service to increase the number of ways users can retrieve our data. This article provides an overview of our current online data and resources, and highlights the changes we have made in recent years. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2015:43(Database issue) | 314 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
24716852
A short guide to long non-coding RNA gene nomenclature. [PMID: 24716852]
Mathew W Wright,

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) is the only organisation authorised to assign standardised nomenclature to human genes. Of the 38,000 approved gene symbols in our database (http://www.genenames.org), the majority represent protein-coding (pc) genes; however, we also name pseudogenes, phenotypic loci, some genomic features, and to date have named more than 8,500 human non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) genes and ncRNA pseudogenes. We have already established unique names for most of the small ncRNA genes by working with experts for each class. Small ncRNAs can be defined into their respective classes by their shared homology and common function. In contrast, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes represent a disparate set of loci related only by their size, more than 200 bases in length, share no conserved sequence homology, and have variable functions. As with pc genes, wherever possible, lncRNAs are named based on the known function of their product; a short guide is presented herein to help authors when developing novel gene symbols for lncRNAs with characterised function. Researchers must contact the HGNC with their suggestions prior to publication, to check whether the proposed gene symbol can be approved. Although thousands of lncRNAs have been predicted in the human genome, for the vast majority their function remains unresolved. lncRNA genes with no known function are named based on their genomic context. Working with lncRNA researchers, the HGNC aims to provide unique and, wherever possible, meaningful gene symbols to all lncRNA genes.

Hum. Genomics. 2014:8() | 63 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
23161694
Genenames.org: the HGNC resources in 2013. [PMID: 23161694]
Gray KA, Daugherty LC, Gordon SM, Seal RL, Wright MW, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee situated at the European Bioinformatics Institute assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. Since 2011, the data within our database has expanded largely owing to an increase in naming pseudogenes and non-coding RNA genes, and we now have >33,500 approved symbols. Our gene families and groups have also increased to nearly 500, with ?45% of our gene entries associated to at least one family or group. We have also redesigned the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee website http://www.genenames.org creating a constant look and feel across the site and improving usability and readability for our users. The site provides a public access portal to our database with no restrictions imposed on access or the use of the data. Within this article, we review our online resources and data with particular emphasis on the updates to our website.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2013:41(Database issue) | 166 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
23245209
Gene family matters: expanding the HGNC resource. [PMID: 23245209]
Daugherty LC, Seal RL, Wright MW, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) assigns approved gene symbols to human loci. There are currently over 33,000 approved gene symbols, the majority of which represent protein-coding genes, but we also name other locus types such as non-coding RNAs, pseudogenes and phenotypic loci. Where relevant, the HGNC organise these genes into gene families and groups. The HGNC website http://www.genenames.org/ is an online repository of HGNC-approved gene nomenclature and associated resources for human genes, and includes links to genomic, proteomic and phenotypic information. In addition to this, we also have dedicated gene family web pages and are currently expanding and generating more of these pages using data curated by the HGNC and from information derived from external resources that focus on particular gene families. Here, we review our current online resources with a particular focus on our gene family data, using it to highlight our new Gene Symbol Report and gene family data downloads.

Hum Genomics. 2012:6() | 10 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
20929869
genenames.org: the HGNC resources in 2011. [PMID: 20929869]
Seal RL, Gordon SM, Lush MJ, Wright MW, Bruford EA.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) aims to assign a unique gene symbol and name to every human gene. The HGNC database currently contains almost 30,000 approved gene symbols, over 19,000 of which represent protein-coding genes. The public website, www.genenames.org, displays all approved nomenclature within Symbol Reports that contain data curated by HGNC editors and links to related genomic, phenotypic and proteomic information. Here we describe improvements to our resources, including a new Quick Gene Search, a new List Search, an integrated HGNC BioMart and a new Statistics and Downloads facility.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2011:39(Database issue) | 146 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-06)
17984084
The HGNC Database in 2008: a resource for the human genome. [PMID: 17984084]
Bruford EA, Lush MJ, Wright MW, Sneddon TP, Povey S, Birney E.

The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) aims to assign a unique and ideally meaningful name and symbol to every human gene. The HGNC database currently comprises over 24 000 public records containing approved human gene nomenclature and associated gene information. Following our recent relocation to the European Bioinformatics Institute our homepage can now be found at http://www.genenames.org, with direct links to the searchable HGNC database and other related database resources, such as the HCOP orthology search tool and manually curated gene family webpages.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2008:36(Database issue) | 131 Citations (from Europe PMC, 2024-04-13)

Ranking

All databases:
131/6000 (97.833%)
Standard ontology and nomenclature:
14/221 (94.118%)
131
Total Rank
1,417
Citations
88.562
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Record metadata

Created on: 2015-06-20
Curated by:
Xinyu Zhou [2023-09-15]
Xinyu Zhou [2023-09-14]
Lina Ma [2023-03-05]
Sicheng Luo [2022-05-12]
Lina Ma [2019-04-17]
Dong Zou [2019-03-05]
Shixiang Sun [2017-02-17]
Lin Liu [2016-03-29]
Lin Liu [2016-03-25]
Mengwei Li [2016-02-21]
Mengwei Li [2016-02-19]
Jian Sang [2015-12-11]
Jian Sang [2015-12-05]
Jian Sang [2015-06-28]