Effect of a motivational group intervention upon exercise self efficacy and outcome expectations for exercise in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSDs).
Lora Humphrey Beebe, Kathlene Smith, Renee Burk, Olivera Dessieux, Dawn Velligan, Abbas Tavakoli, Clif Tennison
Author Information
Lora Humphrey Beebe: College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, 1200 Volunteer Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. lbeebe1@utk.edu
BACKGROUND: Persons with SSDs contend with multiple barriers to exercise. Interventions are needed to enhance attitudes theoretically linked to exercise behavior. OBJECTIVE: Examine effect of Walk, Address Sensations, Learn About Exercise, Cue Exercise for SSDs (WALC-S) intervention upon exercise self efficacy (SEE) and outcome expectations (OEES) in 97 outpatients with SSDs. DESIGN: Experimental, pre test posttest. Randomization to experimental (WALC-S) or time-and-attention control (TAC) after baseline SEE and OEES measures. Measures repeated after WALC-S or TAC. RESULTS: N = 97, 46% female, 43% African American, average age 46.9 years (SD = 2.0). Mean SEE scores were significantly higher in WALC-S participants after intervention (F ((1,95)) = 5.92, p = 0.0168), however, mean OEES scores were significantly higher in control participants after intervention (F ((1,95)) = 5.76, p = 0.0183. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to examine SEE and OEES in SSDs. Interventions to enhance exercise attitudes are a critical first step toward the ultimate goal of increasing exercise participation.
