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Behavioral neuroscience
Feb, 2012;126 (1): 29-53.

Building a better hormone therapy? How understanding the rapid effects of sex steroid hormones could lead to new therapeutics for age-related memory decline.

Karyn M Frick
Author Information
  1. Karyn M Frick: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2441 East Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. frickk@uwm.edu
PMID: 22289043 DOI: 10.1037/a0026660

Abstract

A wealth of data collected in recent decades has demonstrated that ovarian sex-steroid hormones, particularly 17β-estradiol (E2), are important trophic factors that regulate the function of cognitive regions of the brain such as the hippocampus. The loss of hormone cycling at menopause is associated with cognitive decline and dementia in women, and the onset of memory decline in animal models. However, hormone therapy is not currently recommended to prevent or treat cognitive decline, in part because of its detrimental side effects. In this article, it is proposed that investigations of the rapid effects of E2 on hippocampal function be used to further the design of new drugs that mimic the beneficial effects of E2 on memory without the side effects of current therapies. A conceptual model is presented for elucidating the molecular and biochemical mechanisms through which sex-steroid hormones modulate memory, and a specific hypothesis is proposed to account for the rapid memory-enhancing effects of E2. Empirical support for this hypothesis is discussed as a means of stimulating the consideration of new directions for the development of hormone-based therapies to preserve memory function in menopausal women.

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Grants

  1. R01 AG022525/NIA NIH HHS
  2. R03 MH065460-01A1/NIMH NIH HHS
  3. R01 AG022525-01A2/NIA NIH HHS
  4. AG022525/NIA NIH HHS
  5. MH065460/NIMH NIH HHS
  6. R03 MH065460/NIMH NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Aging
Estrogens
Female
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Humans
Memory
Models, Theoretical

Chemicals

Estrogens
Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Word Cloud

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