- Shankar Subramaniam: Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. shankar@ucsd.edu
System-wide measurements of gene expression by DNA microarray and, more recently, RNA-sequencing strategies have become de facto tools of modern biology and have led to deep understanding of biological mechanisms and pathways. However, analyses of the measurements have often ignored statistically robust methods that account for variance, resulting in misleading biological interpretations.