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The American journal on addictions
2012 May-Jun;21 (3): 210-20.

Gender differences in craving and cue reactivity to smoking and negative affect/stress cues.

Michael E Saladin, Kevin M Gray, Matthew J Carpenter, Steven D LaRowe, Stacia M DeSantis, Himanshu P Upadhyaya
Author Information
  1. Michael E Saladin: Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. saladinm@musc.edu
PMID: 22494223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00232.x

Abstract

There is evidence that women may be less successful when attempting to quit smoking than men. One potential contributory cause of this gender difference is differential craving and stress reactivity to smoking- and negative affect/stress-related cues. The present human laboratory study investigated the effects of gender on reactivity to smoking and negative affect/stress cues by exposing nicotine dependent women (n = 37) and men (n = 53) smokers to two active cue types, each with an associated control cue: (1) in vivo smoking cues and in vivo neutral control cues, and (2) imagery-based negative affect/stress script and a neutral/relaxing control script. Both before and after each cue/script, participants provided subjective reports of smoking-related craving and affective reactions. Heart rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC) responses were also measured. Results indicated that participants reported greater craving and SC in response to smoking versus neutral cues and greater subjective stress in response to the negative affect/stress versus neutral/relaxing script. With respect to gender differences, women evidenced greater craving, stress and arousal ratings and lower valence ratings (greater negative emotion) in response to the negative affect/stressful script. While there were no gender differences in responses to smoking cues, women trended towards higher arousal ratings. Implications of the findings for treatment and tobacco-related morbidity and mortality are discussed.

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Grants

  1. K23 DA020482/NIDA NIH HHS
  2. P50 DA016511-03/NIDA NIH HHS
  3. UL1 RR029882-02/NCRR NIH HHS
  4. TL1 RR029881-03/NCRR NIH HHS
  5. P50 DA016511-01/NIDA NIH HHS
  6. M01 RR01070/NCRR NIH HHS
  7. KL2 RR029880-01/NCRR NIH HHS
  8. P50 DA016511-05/NIDA NIH HHS
  9. TL1 RR029881-02/NCRR NIH HHS
  10. P50 DA016511-07/NIDA NIH HHS
  11. M01 RR001070/NCRR NIH HHS
  12. P50 DA016511-08/NIDA NIH HHS
  13. KL2 RR029880-03/NCRR NIH HHS
  14. P50 DA016511-10/NIDA NIH HHS
  15. KL2 RR029880/NCRR NIH HHS
  16. KL2 RR029880-02/NCRR NIH HHS
  17. UL1 RR029882-01/NCRR NIH HHS
  18. P50 DA016511-09/NIDA NIH HHS
  19. UL1 TR000062/NCATS NIH HHS
  20. UL1 RR029882-03/NCRR NIH HHS
  21. K12 DA000357/NIDA NIH HHS
  22. P50 DA016511-02/NIDA NIH HHS
  23. UL1 RR029882/NCRR NIH HHS
  24. P50 DA016511-06/NIDA NIH HHS
  25. TL1 RR029881-01/NCRR NIH HHS
  26. TL1 RR029881/NCRR NIH HHS
  27. P50 DA016511/NIDA NIH HHS
  28. P50 DA016511-04/NIDA NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Adult
Affect
Arousal
Cues
Female
Humans
Male
Sex Factors
Smoking
Smoking Cessation
Stress, Psychological
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Tobacco Use Disorder
Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Word Cloud

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