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Nature
Apr 02, 2015;520 (7545): 45-50.

Global effects of land use on local terrestrial biodiversity.

Tim Newbold, Lawrence N Hudson, Samantha L L Hill, Sara Contu, Igor Lysenko, Rebecca A Senior, Luca Börger, Dominic J Bennett, Argyrios Choimes, Ben Collen, Julie Day, Adriana De Palma, Sandra Díaz, Susy Echeverria-Londoño, Melanie J Edgar, Anat Feldman, Morgan Garon, Michelle L K Harrison, Tamera Alhusseini, Daniel J Ingram, Yuval Itescu, Jens Kattge, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Michael Kleyer, David Laginha Pinto Correia, Callum D Martin, Shai Meiri, Maria Novosolov, Yuan Pan, Helen R P Phillips, Drew W Purves, Alexandra Robinson, Jake Simpson, Sean L Tuck, Evan Weiher, Hannah J White, Robert M Ewers, Georgina M Mace, Jörn P W Scharlemann, Andy Purvis
Author Information
  1. Tim Newbold: 1] United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. [2] Computational Science Laboratory, Microsoft Research Cambridge, 21 Station Road, Cambridge CB1 2FB, UK.
  2. Lawrence N Hudson: Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  3. Samantha L L Hill: 1] United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. [2] Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  4. Sara Contu: Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  5. Igor Lysenko: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  6. Rebecca A Senior: United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK.
  7. Luca Börger: Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
  8. Dominic J Bennett: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  9. Argyrios Choimes: 1] Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. [2] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  10. Ben Collen: Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  11. Julie Day: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  12. Adriana De Palma: 1] Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. [2] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  13. Sandra Díaz: Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-UNC) and FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
  14. Susy Echeverria-Londoño: Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  15. Melanie J Edgar: Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  16. Anat Feldman: Deptartment of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
  17. Morgan Garon: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  18. Michelle L K Harrison: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  19. Tamera Alhusseini: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  20. Daniel J Ingram: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  21. Yuval Itescu: Deptartment of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
  22. Jens Kattge: 1] Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany. [2] German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
  23. Victoria Kemp: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  24. Lucinda Kirkpatrick: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  25. Michael Kleyer: Landscape Ecology Group, Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
  26. David Laginha Pinto Correia: Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
  27. Callum D Martin: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  28. Shai Meiri: Deptartment of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
  29. Maria Novosolov: Deptartment of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
  30. Yuan Pan: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  31. Helen R P Phillips: 1] Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. [2] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  32. Drew W Purves: Computational Science Laboratory, Microsoft Research Cambridge, 21 Station Road, Cambridge CB1 2FB, UK.
  33. Alexandra Robinson: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  34. Jake Simpson: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  35. Sean L Tuck: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.
  36. Evan Weiher: Biology Department, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54701, USA.
  37. Hannah J White: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  38. Robert M Ewers: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
  39. Georgina M Mace: Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  40. Jörn P W Scharlemann: 1] United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. [2] School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
  41. Andy Purvis: 1] Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. [2] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, London SL5 7PY, UK.
PMID: 25832402 DOI: 10.1038/nature14324

Abstract

Human activities, especially conversion and degradation of habitats, are causing global biodiversity declines. How local ecological assemblages are responding is less clear--a concern given their importance for many ecosystem functions and services. We analysed a terrestrial assemblage database of unprecedented geographic and taxonomic coverage to quantify local biodiversity responses to land use and related changes. Here we show that in the worst-affected habitats, these pressures reduce within-sample species richness by an average of 76.5%, total abundance by 39.5% and rarefaction-based richness by 40.3%. We estimate that, globally, these pressures have already slightly reduced average within-sample richness (by 13.6%), total abundance (10.7%) and rarefaction-based richness (8.1%), with changes showing marked spatial variation. Rapid further losses are predicted under a business-as-usual land-use scenario; within-sample richness is projected to fall by a further 3.4% globally by 2100, with losses concentrated in biodiverse but economically poor countries. Strong mitigation can deliver much more positive biodiversity changes (up to a 1.9% average increase) that are less strongly related to countries' socioeconomic status.

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Grants

  1. BB/F017324/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

MeSH Term

Animals
Biodiversity
Conservation of Natural Resources
Ecology
History, 16th Century
History, 17th Century
History, 18th Century
History, 19th Century
History, 20th Century
History, 21st Century
Human Activities
Models, Biological
Population Dynamics
Species Specificity
Historical Article Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 442

Word Cloud

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