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Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
Jun 17, 2013;2 (2): 52-61.

Antioxidant Properties of Seeds from Lines of Artichoke, Cultivated Cardoon and Wild Cardoon.

Alessandra Durazzo, Maria Stella Foddai, Andrea Temperini, Elena Azzini, Eugenia Venneria, Massimo Lucarini, Enrico Finotti, Gianluca Maiani, Paola Crinò, Francesco Saccardo, Giuseppe Maiani
Author Information
  1. Alessandra Durazzo: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. durazzo@inran.it.
  2. Maria Stella Foddai: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. foddai@inran.it.
  3. Andrea Temperini: Department of Science and Technologies for Agriculture, Forestry, Nature and Energy (DAFNE), Tuscia University, Via San Camillo De Lellis snc, Viterbo 01100, Italy. andreatemperini@libero.it.
  4. Elena Azzini: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. azzini@inran.it.
  5. Eugenia Venneria: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. venneria@inran.it.
  6. Massimo Lucarini: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. lucarini@inran.it.
  7. Enrico Finotti: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. finotti@inran.it.
  8. Gianluca Maiani: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. gianluca.maiani@alice.it.
  9. Paola Crinò: Technical Unit for Sustainable Development and Innovation of Agro-Industrial System (UTAGRI), ENEA, Casaccia C.R., Via Anguillarese 301, Rome 00123, Italy. paola.crino@enea.it.
  10. Francesco Saccardo: Department of Science and Technologies for Agriculture, Forestry, Nature and Energy (DAFNE), Tuscia University, Via San Camillo De Lellis snc, Viterbo 01100, Italy. migammabeta@yahoo.it.
  11. Giuseppe Maiani: CRA-Ex INRAN (National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, Rome 00178, Italy. gianluca.maiani@alice.it.
PMID: 26787623 DOI: 10.3390/antiox2020052

Abstract

The artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus L.), the cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC.) and the wild cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. sylvestris L.) are species widely distributed in the Mediterranean area. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of seeds from lines of artichoke and cultivated and wild cardoon in both aqueous-organic extracts and their residues by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) evaluations. Both artichoke and cardoon seeds are a good source of antioxidants. Among artichoke seeds, hydrolysable polyphenols contribution to antioxidant properties ranged from 41% to 78% for FRAP values and from 17% to 37% for TEAC values. No difference between cultivated and wild cardoon in antioxidant properties are reported. Our results could provide information about the potential industrial use and application of artichoke and/or cardoon seeds.

Keywords

Cynara cardunculus FRAP TEAC aqueous-organic extract residue seeds

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