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Mar 01, 2016;6 22232.

Low internal pressure in femtoliter water capillary bridges reduces evaporation rates.

Kun Cho, In Gyu Hwang, Yeseul Kim, Su Jin Lim, Jun Lim, Joon Heon Kim, Bopil Gim, Byung Mook Weon
Author Information
  1. Kun Cho: Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
  2. In Gyu Hwang: Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
  3. Yeseul Kim: Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
  4. Su Jin Lim: Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
  5. Jun Lim: Beamline Division, Pohang Light Source, Hyoja, Pohang, Kyung-buk, 790-784, Korea.
  6. Joon Heon Kim: Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 500-712, Korea.
  7. Bopil Gim: Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea.
  8. Byung Mook Weon: Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
PMID: 26928329 DOI: 10.1038/srep22232

Abstract

Capillary bridges are usually formed by a small liquid volume in a confined space between two solid surfaces. They can have a lower internal pressure than the surrounding pressure for volumes of the order of femtoliters. Femtoliter capillary bridges with relatively rapid evaporation rates are difficult to explore experimentally. To understand in detail the evaporation of femtoliter capillary bridges, we present a feasible experimental method to directly visualize how water bridges evaporate between a microsphere and a flat substrate in still air using transmission X-ray microscopy. Precise measurements of evaporation rates for water bridges show that lower water pressure than surrounding pressure can significantly decrease evaporation through the suppression of vapor diffusion. This finding provides insight into the evaporation of ultrasmall capillary bridges.

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