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European journal of nutrition
Sep, 2017;56 (6): 2105-2113.

Cardiovascular responses to sugary drinks in humans: galactose presents milder cardiac effects than glucose or fructose.

Nathalie Charrière, Cathriona Loonam, Jean-Pierre Montani, Abdul G Dulloo, Erik K Grasser
Author Information
  1. Nathalie Charrière: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  2. Cathriona Loonam: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  3. Jean-Pierre Montani: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  4. Abdul G Dulloo: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  5. Erik K Grasser: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland. erikkonrad.grasser@unifr.ch.
PMID: 27328681 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1250-9

Abstract

PURPOSE: There is increasing interest into the potentially beneficial effects of galactose for obesity and type 2 diabetes management as it is a low-glycemic sugar reported to increase satiety and fat mobilization. However, fructose is also a low-glycemic sugar but with greater blood pressure elevation effects than after glucose ingestion. Therefore, we investigated here the extent to which the ingestion of galactose, compared to glucose and fructose, impacts upon haemodynamics and blood pressure.
METHODS: In a randomized cross-over study design, 9 overnight-fasted young men attended 3 separate morning sessions during which continuous cardiovascular monitoring was performed at rest for at least 30 min before and 120 min after ingestion of 500 mL of water containing 60 g of either glucose, fructose or galactose. These measurements included beat-to-beat systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate deduced by electrocardiography, and stroke volume derived by impedance cardiography; these measurements were used to calculate cardiac output and total peripheral resistance.
RESULTS: Ingestion of galactose, like glucose, led to significantly lesser increases in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure than fructose ingestion (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the increase in cardiac output and reduction in total peripheral resistance observed after ingestion of glucose were markedly lower after galactose ingestion (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Galactose thus presents the interesting characteristics of a low-glycemic sugar with mild cardiovascular effects. Further studies are warranted to confirm the clinical relevance of the milder cardiovascular effects of galactose than other sugars for insulin resistant obese and/or diabetic patients with cardiac insufficiency.

Keywords

Beat-to-beat Cardiac effects Clinical implication Randomized controlled trial Sucrose

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MeSH Term

Adult
Beverages
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Body Weight
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
Cross-Over Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Dietary Sugars
Female
Fructose
Galactose
Heart Rate
Hemodynamics
Humans
Insulin
Male
Obesity
Sample Size
Stroke
Young Adult

Chemicals

Blood Glucose
Dietary Sugars
Insulin
Fructose
Galactose
Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial
Article has an altmetric score of 1

Word Cloud

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