Jeong-Yoon Choi: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Jaehyung Cha: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Jin-Man Jung: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Woo-Keun Seo: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Kyungmi Oh: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Kyung-Hee Cho: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
Sungwook Yu: From the Department of Neurology (J.-Y.C.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Medical Science Research Center (J.C.) and Department of Neurology (J.-M.J.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do; Department of Neurology (W.-K.S.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (K.O.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul; and Department of Neurology (K.-H.C., S.Y.), Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul. song4yu@korea.ac.kr.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities (LVWMA), unrelated to high-risk cardioembolic conditions, in stroke recurrence. METHODS: This study included consecutive acute ischemic strokepatients. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed as a routine evaluation for strokepatients. The outcomes were the time to recurrent any stroke and ischemic stroke. RESULTS: Among 4,316 acute ischemic strokepatients, 430 had LVWMA without high-risk cardioembolic sources. The median observation periods of patients at risk of any stroke and ischemic stroke were 24.5 and 24.7 months. During the follow-up, any stroke and ischemic stroke recurrence were observed in 310 (7.2%) and 250 (5.8%) patients. LVWMA were associated with outcomes after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, laboratory and imaging variables, and therapeutic interventions (hazard ratio [HR] 1.707, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.262-2.310 for any stroke; HR 1.709, 95% CI 1.222-2.390 for ischemic stroke). Moreover, LVWMA could still be considered as independent risk factors after correction for covariates that were significantly associated with outcomes in univariable regression (HR 1.747, 95% CI 1.292-2.364 for any stroke; HR 1.704, 95% CI 1.219-2.382 for ischemic stroke). There were no significant interactions between LVWMA and outcomes between the subgroups except for the statin treatment subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that LVWMA, even when unassociated with high-risk cardioembolic sources, could be an independent predictor for stroke recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke.
