The incidence of infection has been elevated and becoming common in hospitals worldwide. Although antibiotics usually serve as the primary treatment for bacterial infection including infection, limitations and failures have been evident due to drug resistance. Antibiotic resistance in has been recognized as one of the most important factors to promote the infection and increase the level of severity and the recurrence rate. Several outbreaks in many countries have been linked to the emergence of hypervirulent drug-resistant strains. This pathogen harbours various mechanisms against the actions of antibiotics. The present study highlights three main drug-resistant strategies in including drug inactivation, target modification and efflux pump. Other mechanisms that potentially contribute to drug-resistant traits in this organism are also discussed.
