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Trends in neurosciences
08, 2017;40 (8): 494-506.

Developmental Connectomics from Infancy through Early Childhood.

Miao Cao, Hao Huang, Yong He
Author Information
  1. Miao Cao: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
  2. Hao Huang: Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
  3. Yong He: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address: yong.he@bnu.edu.cn.
PMID: 28684174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.06.003

Abstract

The human brain undergoes rapid growth in both structure and function from infancy through early childhood, and this significantly influences cognitive and behavioral development in later life. A newly emerging research framework, developmental connectomics, provides unprecedented opportunities for exploring the developing brain through non-invasive mapping of structural and functional connectivity patterns. Within this framework, we review recent neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies investigating connectome development from 20 postmenstrual weeks to 5 years of age. Specifically, we highlight five fundamental principles of brain network development during the critical first years of life, emphasizing strengthened segregation/integration balance, a remarkable hierarchical order from primary to higher-order regions, unparalleled structural and functional maturations, substantial individual variability, and high vulnerability to risk factors and developmental disorders.

Keywords

connectome developmental disorder functional connectivity graph theory segregation and integration structural connectivity

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Grants

  1. R01 MH092535/NIMH NIH HHS
  2. U54 HD086984/NICHD NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Brain
Child, Preschool
Connectome
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Neural Pathways
Journal Article Review Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 6

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0braindevelopmentdevelopmentalstructuralfunctionalconnectivitylifeframeworkconnectomeyearshumanundergoesrapidgrowthstructurefunctioninfancyearlychildhoodsignificantlyinfluencescognitivebehaviorallaternewlyemergingresearchconnectomicsprovidesunprecedentedopportunitiesexploringdevelopingnon-invasivemappingpatternsWithinreviewrecentneuroimagingneurophysiologicalstudiesinvestigating20postmenstrualweeks5ageSpecificallyhighlightfivefundamentalprinciplesnetworkcriticalfirstemphasizingstrengthenedsegregation/integrationbalanceremarkablehierarchicalorderprimaryhigher-orderregionsunparalleledmaturationssubstantialindividualvariabilityhighvulnerabilityriskfactorsdisordersDevelopmentalConnectomicsInfancyEarlyChildhooddisordergraphtheorysegregationintegration

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