We assessed the current status of Asian global clinical trials (GCTs) and factors, such as therapeutic areas, main metabolic enzymes targeted, approval status in the United States or the European Union, development strategies, influencing drug-development strategies in Asian GCTs and in general GCTs for drug approval in Japan. The findings suggested that region-specific diseases in Asia, intrinsic and extrinsic ethnic differences between Japanese/Asian and Caucasian populations, and the status of the drugs' development in the United States or the European Union all affected Asian GCTs. These factors may influence the drug development process in Asian GCTs. Furthermore, we found that pharmacokinetics data in Asian GCTs comparing similarities between Japanese and other Asian populations were mainly obtained from late-phase trials, which may delay the identification of potential differences in ethnic factors.
