Significance and Diagnostic Role of Antimicrobial Cathelicidins (LL-37) Peptides in Oral Health.
Zohaib Khurshid, Mustafa Naseem, Faris Yahya I Asiri, Maria Mali, Rabia Sannam Khan, Haafsa Arshad Sahibzada, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Syed Faraz Moin, Erum Khan
Author Information
Zohaib Khurshid: College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia. drzohaibkhurshid@gmail.com. ORCID
Mustafa Naseem: Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar-Al-Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia. m.naseem@dau.edu.sa.
Faris Yahya I Asiri: Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 312982, Saudi Arabia. fasiri@kfu.edu.sa.
Maria Mali: Department of Orthodontics, Islamic International Dental College, Ripah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. drmariahmali@gmail.com.
Rabia Sannam Khan: Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Baqai University, Super Highway, P.O. Box 2407, Karachi 74600, Pakistan. rabia.sannam@baqai.edu.pk.
Haafsa Arshad Sahibzada: Department of Oral Medicine, Islamabad Dental Hospital (IDH), Islamabad 74700, Pakistan. Haafsa.OralMed16@iideas.edu.pk.
Muhammad Sohail Zafar: Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia. mzafar@taibahu.edu.sa. ORCID
Syed Faraz Moin: National Center for Proteomics, Karachi University, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. farazmoin@hotmail.com.
Erum Khan: Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 71000, Pakistan. erumkhan_2010@icloud.com.
Cathelicidins are a group of oral antimicrobial peptides that play multiple vital roles in the human body, such as their antimicrobial (broad spectrum) role against oral microbes, wound healing, and angiogenesis, with recent evidences about their role in cancer regulation. Cathelicidins are present in humans and other mammals as well. By complex interactions with the microenvironment, it results in pro-inflammatory effects. Many in vitro and in vivo experiments have been conducted to ultimately conclude that these unique peptides play an essential role in innate immunity. Peptides are released in the precursor form (defensins), which after cleavage results in cathelicidins formation. Living in the era where the major focus is on non-invasive and nanotechnology, this ultimately leads to further advancements in the field of salivaomics. Based on current spotlight innovations, we have highlighted the biochemistry, mode of action, and the importance of cathelicidins in the oral cavity.
