Visual field defects and retinal nerve fiber imaging in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and in healthy controls.
Paula Casas, Francisco J Ascaso, Eugenio Vicente, Gloria Tejero-Garcés, María I Adiego, José A Cristóbal
Author Information
Paula Casas: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", San Juan Bosco 15, ES-50009, Zaragoza, Spain. paulacasaspascual@hotmail.com. ORCID
Francisco J Ascaso: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", San Juan Bosco 15, ES-50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
Eugenio Vicente: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario "Miguel Servet", Zaragoza, Spain.
Gloria Tejero-Garcés: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario "Miguel Servet", Zaragoza, Spain.
María I Adiego: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario "Miguel Servet", Zaragoza, Spain.
José A Cristóbal: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", San Juan Bosco 15, ES-50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
BACKGROUND: To assess the retinal sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients evaluated with standard automated perimetry (SAP). And to correlate the functional SAP results with structural parameters obtained with optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: This prospective, observational, case-control study consisted of 63 eyes of 63 OSAHSpatients (mean age 51.7 ± 12.7 years, best corrected visual acuity ≥20/25, refractive error less than three spherical or two cylindrical diopters, and intraocular pressure < 21 mmHg) who were enrolled and compared with 38 eyes of 38 age-matched controls. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured by Stratus OCT and SAP sensitivities and indices were explored with Humphrey Field Analyzer perimeter. Correlations between functional and structural parameters were calculated, as well as the relationship between ophthalmologic and systemic indices in OSAHSpatients. RESULTS: OSAHSpatients showed a significant reduction of the sensitivity for superior visual field division (p = 0.034, t-student test). When dividing the OSAHS group in accordance with the severity of the disease, nasal peripapillary RNFL thickness was significantly lower in severe OSAHS than that in controls and mild-moderate cases (p = 0.031 and p = 0.016 respectively, Mann-Whitney U test). There were no differences between groups for SAP parameters. We found no correlation between structural and functional variables. The central visual field sensitivity of the SAP revealed a poor Pearson correlation with the apnea-hipopnea index (0.284, p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal sensitivity show minor differences between healthy subjects and OSAHS. Functional deterioration in OSAHSpatients is not easy to demonstrate with visual field examination.
