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Clinical interventions in aging
2018;13 757-772.

Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases.

Ilaria Liguori, Gennaro Russo, Francesco Curcio, Giulia Bulli, Luisa Aran, David Della-Morte, Gaetano Gargiulo, Gianluca Testa, Francesco Cacciatore, Domenico Bonaduce, Pasquale Abete
Author Information
  1. Ilaria Liguori: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  2. Gennaro Russo: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  3. Francesco Curcio: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  4. Giulia Bulli: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  5. Luisa Aran: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  6. David Della-Morte: Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
  7. Gaetano Gargiulo: Division of Internal Medicine, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona, Salerno, Italy.
  8. Gianluca Testa: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  9. Francesco Cacciatore: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  10. Domenico Bonaduce: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
  11. Pasquale Abete: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
PMID: 29731617 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S158513

Abstract

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced by several endogenous and exogenous processes, and their negative effects are neutralized by antioxidant defenses. Oxidative stress occurs from the imbalance between RONS production and these antioxidant defenses. Aging is a process characterized by the progressive loss of tissue and organ function. The oxidative stress theory of aging is based on the hypothesis that age-associated functional losses are due to the accumulation of RONS-induced damages. At the same time, oxidative stress is involved in several age-related conditions (ie, cardiovascular diseases [CVDs], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer), including sarcopenia and frailty. Different types of oxidative stress biomarkers have been identified and may provide important information about the efficacy of the treatment, guiding the selection of the most effective drugs/dose regimens for patients and, if particularly relevant from a pathophysiological point of view, acting on a specific therapeutic target. Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many clinical conditions and aging, antioxidant therapy could positively affect the natural history of several diseases, but further investigation is needed to evaluate the real efficacy of these therapeutic interventions. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of literature on this complex topic of ever increasing interest.

Keywords

antioxidants elderly reactive nitrogen species reactive oxygen species

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MeSH Term

Aging
Antioxidants
Biomarkers
Chronic Disease
Humans
Oxidative Stress
Reactive Oxygen Species

Chemicals

Antioxidants
Biomarkers
Reactive Oxygen Species
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 359

Word Cloud

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