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European journal of applied physiology
Aug, 2018;118 (8): 1673-1688.

Effects of exercise intensity and cardiorespiratory fitness on the acute response of arterial stiffness to exercise in older adults.

Maria Perissiou, Tom G Bailey, Mark Windsor, Michael Chi Yuan Nam, Kim Greaves, Anthony S Leicht, Jonathan Golledge, Christopher D Askew
Author Information
  1. Maria Perissiou: VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
  2. Tom G Bailey: VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
  3. Mark Windsor: VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
  4. Michael Chi Yuan Nam: Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, Australia.
  5. Kim Greaves: VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
  6. Anthony S Leicht: Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
  7. Jonathan Golledge: Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
  8. Christopher D Askew: VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia. caskew@usc.edu.au. ORCID
PMID: 29850932 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3900-5

Abstract

PURPOSE: Increased arterial stiffness is observed with ageing and in individuals with low cardiorespiratory fitness ([Formula: see text]O), and associated with cardiovascular risk. Following an exercise bout, transient arterial stiffness reductions offer short-term benefit, but may depend on exercise intensity. This study assessed the effects of exercise intensity on post-exercise arterial stiffness in older adults with varying fitness levels.
METHODS: Fifty-one older adults (72 ± 5 years) were stratified into fitness tertiles ([Formula: see text]O: low-, 22.3 ± 3.1; mid-, 27.5 ± 2.4 and high-fit 36.3 ± 6.5 mL kg min). In a randomised order, participants underwent control (no-exercise), moderate-intensity continuous exercise (40% of peak power output; PPO), and higher-intensity interval exercise (70% of PPO) protocols. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx75) and reflection magnitude (RM) were assessed at rest and during 90 min of recovery following each protocol.
RESULTS: After control, delta PWV increased over time (P < 0.001) and delta RM was unchanged. After higher-intensity interval exercise, delta PWV (P < 0.001) and delta RM (P < 0.001) were lower to control in all fitness groups. After moderate-intensity continuous exercise, delta PWV was not different from control in low-fit adults (P = 0.057), but was lower in the mid- and higher-fit older adults. Post-exercise AIx75 was higher to control in all fitness groups (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In older adults, PWV increases during seated rest and this response is attenuated after higher-intensity interval exercise, regardless of fitness level. This attenuation was also observed after moderate-intensity continuous exercise in adults with higher, but not lower fitness levels. Submaximal exercise reveals differences in the arterial stiffness responses between older adults with higher and lower cardiorespiratory fitness.

Keywords

Ageing Exercise intensity Pulse wave velocity Wave reflection characteristics

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Grants

  1. 1000967/National Health and Medical Research Council
  2. 1022752/National Health and Medical Research Council
  3. 1079369/National Health and Medical Research Council
  4. 1117061/National Health and Medical Research Council

MeSH Term

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Female
Humans
Male
Oxygen Consumption
Physical Conditioning, Human
Random Allocation
Vascular Stiffness
Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 13

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0exercisefitnessadultsolderarterialstiffnesscontrolPWVdeltaintensity001lowercardiorespiratorymoderate-intensitycontinuoushigher-intensityintervalRMP < 0higherobserved[Formula:seeassessedlevelsmid-PPOPulsewavevelocityAIx75reflectionrestgroupsP = 0responsePURPOSE:Increasedageingindividualslowtext]OassociatedcardiovascularriskFollowingbouttransientreductionsoffershort-termbenefitmaydependstudyeffectspost-exercisevaryingMETHODS:Fifty-one72 ± 5 yearsstratifiedtertilestext]O:low-223 ± 31275 ± 24high-fit363 ± 65 mL kg minrandomisedorderparticipantsunderwentno-exercise40%peakpoweroutput70%protocolsaugmentationindexmagnitude90 minrecoveryfollowingprotocolRESULTS:increasedtimeunchangeddifferentlow-fit057higher-fitPost-exerciseCONCLUSIONS:increasesseatedattenuatedregardlesslevelattenuationalsoSubmaximalrevealsdifferencesresponsesEffectsacuteAgeingExerciseWavecharacteristics

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