Biological Characterization of an Edible Species from Brazilian Biodiversity: From Pharmacognostic Data to Ethnopharmacological Investigation.
Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni, Aniely Oliveira Silva, Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi, Paulo César de Paula Vasconcelos, Roosevelt Isaias Carvalho Souza, Ariany Carvalho Dos Santos, Valter Paes de Almeida, Jane Manfron Budel, Lauro Mera de Souza, Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
Author Information
Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Aniely Oliveira Silva: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Paulo César de Paula Vasconcelos: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Roosevelt Isaias Carvalho Souza: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Ariany Carvalho Dos Santos: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Valter Paes de Almeida: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
Jane Manfron Budel: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
Lauro Mera de Souza: Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior: Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
(A. St.-Hil.) Radlk. is a large tree belonging to family Sapindaceae and popularly known as "pitombeira" or "pitomba." Although species have relevant economic and medicinal uses in Brazil, no study has investigated its effectiveness as a diuretic, hypotensive, and antihypertensive agent. The aim of this study was to present a detailed anatomical and histochemical study for and provide important safety and efficacy parameters. After morpho-anatomical and microchemical study, a purified aqueous extract (ethanol soluble fraction obtained from [ESTE]) was obtained, and detailed phytochemical investigation was performed. Subsequently, acute oral toxicity test was performed in male and female rats. Moreover, diuretic, hypotensive, and antihypertensive effects on normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated. Finally, the effects of prolonged treatment with ESTE on serum levels of nitrite, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and nitrotyrosine were also measured in SHR. Oral treatment with ESTE did not induce acute toxic effects and did not affect urine production, blood pressure, or heart rate of normotensive and SHR. Prolonged treatment with ESTE was able to increase serum nitrite levels and significantly reduce oxidative and nitrosative stress markers in SHR. Data obtained showed that ESTE has a significant antioxidant activity without showing any clinical signs of acute toxicity. The use of this species as a diuretic, hypotensive, or antihypertensive agent should be carried out with caution, since administration in rodents did not produce renal and/or hemodynamic responses that justify this indication.
