Clinical Nutrition Education of Doctors and Medical Students: Solving the Catch 22.

Stavia B Blunt, Anthony Kafatos
Author Information
  1. Stavia B Blunt: Independent writer and researcher, Richmond, London, United Kingdom.
  2. Anthony Kafatos: University of Crete School of Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, Heraklion, Greece.

Abstract

There is a well-documented pandemic of malnutrition. It has numerous sequelae, including physical and psychological ill health, early death, and socioeconomic burden. The nutrition landscape and dynamics of the nutrition transition are extremely complex, but one significant factor in both is the role of medical management. Doctors have a unique position in society from which to influence this scenario at global, public, and personal levels, but we are failing to do so. There are several reasons for this, including inadequate time; historical educational bias towards disease and therapeutic intervention-rather than diet, lifestyle, and prevention; actual or perceived incompetency in the field of nutrition; confusion or deflection within medicine about whose role(s) it is on a medical team to address nutrition; and public confusion about whom to turn to for advice. But the most fundamental reason is that current doctors (and thus the trainers of medical students) have not received-and future doctors are thus still not receiving-adequate training to render them confident or competent to take on the role. A small number of important educational approaches exist aimed at practicing doctors and medical students, but the most effective methods of teaching are still being evaluated. Without properly trained trainers, we have no one to train the doctors of tomorrow. This is a "catch 22." To break this deadlock, there is an urgent need to make appropriate nutrition training available, internationally, and at all levels of medical education (medical students, doctors-in-training, and practicing doctors). Until this is achieved, the current pandemic of nutrition-related disease will continue to grow. Using important illustrative examples of existing successful nutrition education approaches, we suggest potential approaches to breaking this deadlock.

Keywords

References

  1. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2014 May 21;7:209-15 [PMID: 24899813]
  2. Br J Gen Pract. 1999 Mar;49(440):187-90 [PMID: 10343420]
  3. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010 Oct;25(5):471-80 [PMID: 20962306]
  4. J Grad Med Educ. 2015 Sep;7(3):388-94 [PMID: 26457144]
  5. Glob Health Action. 2014 Jul 30;7:24827 [PMID: 25084833]
  6. Lancet. 2015 May 23;385(9982):2041 [PMID: 26009221]
  7. BMJ. 2018 Jun 13;361:k2238 [PMID: 29898884]
  8. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;68(7):844-6 [PMID: 24781690]
  9. Nutrition. 1991 Jan-Feb;7(1):61-3 [PMID: 1802189]
  10. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009 Sep-Oct;28(5):w822-31 [PMID: 19635784]
  11. JMIR Med Educ. 2017 Nov 09;3(2):e22 [PMID: 29122740]
  12. JAMA. 2017 Sep 26;318(12):1101-1102 [PMID: 28880975]
  13. Adv Nutr. 2015 Jan 15;6(1):83-7 [PMID: 25593146]
  14. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2006;15(3):323-8 [PMID: 16837423]
  15. JAMA. 2018 May 1;319(17):1751-1752 [PMID: 29641832]
  16. Adv Nutr. 2013 Jan 01;4(1):1-7 [PMID: 23319117]
  17. Health Commun. 2016;31(2):182-92 [PMID: 26327139]
  18. Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2011 Sep;4(3):146-62 [PMID: 21999689]
  19. Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(2):129-30 [PMID: 19325232]
  20. Prev Med. 2013 Aug;57(2):120-4 [PMID: 23743418]
  21. Patient Educ Couns. 2011 Jan;82(1):123-9 [PMID: 20303691]
  22. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2017 Nov 10;6(1):42 [PMID: 29121991]
  23. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2009 Dec;39(4):290-1 [PMID: 21152462]
  24. BMC Public Health. 2006 May 23;6:138 [PMID: 16719900]
  25. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jun;65(6 Suppl):1985S-1995S [PMID: 9174508]
  26. Am J Public Health. 2003 Apr;93(4):635-41 [PMID: 12660210]
  27. Adv Nutr. 2013 Jan 01;4(1):51-61 [PMID: 23319123]
  28. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2000;894:i-xii, 1-253 [PMID: 11234459]
  29. BMC Med Educ. 2011 Aug 12;11:58 [PMID: 21835040]

MeSH Term

Clinical Competence
Curriculum
Education, Medical
Humans
Nutritional Sciences

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0nutritionmedicaleducationdoctorsstudentsroletrainingapproachespandemicmalnutritionincludingoneDoctorsglobalpubliclevelseducationaldiseaselifestylepreventionconfusioncurrentthustrainersstillimportantpracticing22deadlockwell-documentednumeroussequelaephysicalpsychologicalillhealthearlydeathsocioeconomicburdenlandscapedynamicstransitionextremelycomplexsignificantfactormanagementuniquepositionsocietyinfluencescenariopersonalfailingseveralreasonsinadequatetimehistoricalbiastowardstherapeuticintervention-ratherdietactualperceivedincompetencyfielddeflectionwithinmedicinewhosesteamaddressturnadvicefundamentalreasonreceived-andfuturereceiving-adequaterenderconfidentcompetenttakesmallnumberexistaimedeffectivemethodsteachingevaluatedWithoutproperlytrainedtraintomorrow"catch"breakurgentneedmakeappropriateavailableinternationallydoctors-in-trainingachievednutrition-relatedwillcontinuegrowUsingillustrativeexamplesexistingsuccessfulsuggestpotentialbreakingClinicalNutritionEducationMedicalStudents:SolvingCatchdietaryteachersprimary

Similar Articles

Cited By