Noninvasive sub-organ ultrasound stimulation for targeted neuromodulation.
Victoria Cotero, Ying Fan, Tea Tsaava, Adam M Kressel, Ileana Hancu, Paul Fitzgerald, Kirk Wallace, Sireesha Kaanumalle, John Graf, Wayne Rigby, Tzu-Jen Kao, Jeanette Roberts, Chitresh Bhushan, Suresh Joel, Thomas R Coleman, Stavros Zanos, Kevin J Tracey, Jeffrey Ashe, Sangeeta S Chavan, Christopher Puleo
Author Information
Victoria Cotero: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Ying Fan: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Tea Tsaava: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Adam M Kressel: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Ileana Hancu: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Paul Fitzgerald: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Kirk Wallace: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Sireesha Kaanumalle: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
John Graf: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Wayne Rigby: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Tzu-Jen Kao: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Jeanette Roberts: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Chitresh Bhushan: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Suresh Joel: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Thomas R Coleman: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Stavros Zanos: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Kevin J Tracey: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Jeffrey Ashe: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA.
Sangeeta S Chavan: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11020, USA.
Christopher Puleo: GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA. puleo@ge.com.
Tools for noninvasively modulating neural signaling in peripheral organs will advance the study of nerves and their effect on homeostasis and disease. Herein, we demonstrate a noninvasive method to modulate specific signaling pathways within organs using ultrasound (U/S). U/S is first applied to spleen to modulate the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), and US stimulation is shown to reduce cytokine response to endotoxin to the same levels as implant-based vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Next, hepatic U/S stimulation is shown to modulate pathways that regulate blood glucose and is as effective as VNS in suppressing the hyperglycemic effect of endotoxin exposure. This response to hepatic U/S is only found when targeting specific sub-organ locations known to contain glucose sensory neurons, and both molecular (i.e. neurotransmitter concentration and cFOS expression) and neuroimaging results indicate US induced signaling to metabolism-related hypothalamic sub-nuclei. These data demonstrate that U/S stimulation within organs provides a new method for site-selective neuromodulation to regulate specific physiological functions.