Mayuka Nakajima: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. ORCID
Michihiro Hosojima: Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Koichi Tabeta: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. ORCID
Sayuri Miyauchi: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Miki Yamada-Hara: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Naoki Takahashi: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Haruna Miyazawa: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Yumi Matsuda-Matsukawa: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Keisuke Sato: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Noriko Sugita: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Yasutaka Komatsu: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Tomomi Ishikawa: Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Kazuhisa Yamazaki: Research Unit for Oral-Systemic Connection, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
Kiminori Kato: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology for Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Akihiko Saito: Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Hiromasa Yoshie: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakko-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: Several serum biomarkers have been reported to increase in periodontitis patients as possible mediators linking periodontal inflammation to systemic diseases. However, the relationship between periodontitis and urine biomarkers is still unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate potential urine biomarkers of periodontitis in a Japanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 108 male subjects, and microbiological and clinical parameters were evaluated as a periodontitis marker. The correlation between nine urine biomarkers (typically used to diagnose kidney disease) and periodontal parameters was analyzed. Based on the findings, -microglobulin ( -MG) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were selected for comparison and multivariate regression analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Bonferroni correction was used to identify differences in their concentrations between the three periodontitis groups (severe, moderate, and no/mild periodontitis). RESULTS: -MG and NGAL exhibited a significant correlation with clinical parameters of periodontitis. The prevalence of clinical parameters such as bleeding on probing and number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm were greater in the -MG high group (≥300 g/g creatinine) than in the normal group (=0.017 and 0.019, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the number of sites with PD ≥ 6 mm was independently associated with urine -MG. Moreover, the number of sites with the clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 6 mm was greater in the NGAL high group (highest quartile) (=0.041). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the number of sites with CAL ≥ 6 mm was associated independently with urine NGAL. Finally, -MG was significantly higher in the severe periodontitis subjects compared to the no/mild periodontitis subjects. CONCLUSION: The significant association between urine -MG or NGAL and periodontitis was revealed. These biomarkers can potentially be used to screen for or diagnose periodontitis. This trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000013485.
