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International journal of molecular sciences
May 10, 2019;20 (9):

Evolutionary Plasticity in Detoxification Gene Modules: The Preservation and Loss of the Pregnane X Receptor in Chondrichthyes Lineages.

Elza S S Fonseca, Raquel Ruivo, André M Machado, Francisca Conrado, Boon-Hui Tay, Byrappa Venkatesh, Miguel M Santos, L Filipe C Castro
Author Information
  1. Elza S S Fonseca: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. fonseca.ess@gmail.com.
  2. Raquel Ruivo: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. ruivo.raquel@gmail.com. ORCID
  3. André M Machado: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. andre.machado@ciimar.up.pt. ORCID
  4. Francisca Conrado: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. fi.silva@campus.fct.unl.pt.
  5. Boon-Hui Tay: Comparative Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138673, Singapore. mcblab46@imcb.a-star.edu.sg.
  6. Byrappa Venkatesh: Comparative Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138673, Singapore. mcbbv@imcb.a-star.edu.sg.
  7. Miguel M Santos: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. santosmafm@gmail.com.
  8. L Filipe C Castro: CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal. filipe.castro@ciimar.up.pt.
PMID: 31083458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092331

Abstract

To appraise how evolutionary processes, such as gene duplication and loss, influence an organism's xenobiotic sensitivity is a critical question in toxicology. Of particular importance are gene families involved in the mediation of detoxification responses, such as members of the nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I (NR1I), the pregnane X receptor (), and the constitutive androstane receptor (). While documented in multiple vertebrate genomes, and display an intriguing gene distribution. is absent in birds and reptiles, while shows a tetrapod-specific occurrence. More elusive is the presence of and gene orthologs in early branching and ecologically-important Chondrichthyes (chimaeras, sharks and rays). Therefore, we investigated various genome projects and use them to provide the first identification and functional characterization of a Chondrichthyan PXR from the chimaera elephant shark (, Holocephali). Additionally, we substantiate the targeted gene loss in Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays). Compared to other vertebrate groups, the chimaera ortholog displays a diverse expression pattern (skin and gills) and a unique activation profile by classical xenobiotic ligands. Our findings provide insights into the molecular landscape of detoxification mechanisms and suggest lineage-specific adaptations in response to xenobiotics in gnathostome evolution.

Keywords

detoxification endocrine disruption gene loss nuclear receptors

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Grants

  1. Project No. 031342/Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

MeSH Term

Animals
COS Cells
Chlorocebus aethiops
Constitutive Androstane Receptor
Elasmobranchii
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Regulatory Networks
Genes, Reporter
Inactivation, Metabolic
Luciferases
Phylogeny
Pregnane X Receptor
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
Synteny
Transcriptional Activation

Chemicals

Constitutive Androstane Receptor
Pregnane X Receptor
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
Luciferases
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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