Hailin Liu: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xiuli Zhang: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xinglong Zhong: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Zehua Li: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shaoai Cai: The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Pingzhen Yang: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: y.pingzhen@yahoo.com.
Caiwen Ou: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: oucaiwen@smu.edu.cn.
Minsheng Chen: Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: gzminsheng@vip.163.com.
The risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease is tremendously increased due to vascular calcification. Local vascular inflammation significantly promotes vascular calcification. A previous study has shown that puerarin inhibits calcification of mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro, but whether puerarin can inhibit vascular calcification in vivo and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that rat VSMCs treated with calcifying medium showed more mineral deposition, and this effect was inhibited by puerarin in a dose-dependent manner, as detected by alizarin red staining and calcium content assay. Puerarin also prevented the trans-differentiation of VSMCs into osteoblast-like cells, indicated by down-regulation of bone-related genes including Runx2 and BMP2. In vivo study of uremic rats induced by renal nephrectomy further confirmed the inhibitory effect of puerarin on vascular calcification in uremic rats. Puerarin treatment significantly prevented mineral deposition in rat aortas and down-regulated the expression of Runx2 and BMP2. Furthermore, we detected the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and TNFα in vitro and in vivo. The levels of IL-1β were remarkably increased in both calcified VSMCs and aortas of uremic rats, while puerarin treatment markedly decreased the expression of IL-1β. In addition, we found that puerarin reduced IL-1β possibly through targeting NLRP3/Caspase1/IL-1β and NF-κB signaling pathways and inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, we demonstrated that puerarin has the capability of inhibiting vascular calcification in uremic rats by inhibiting inflammation.
