Bedada Teshome, Zelalem Teklemariam, Desalegn Admassu Ayana, Dadi Marami, Nega Asaminew
BACKGROUND: The frequent occurrence of bacteria-associated diarrhea together with increased antimicrobial resistance poses a significant public health challenge worldwide.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated factors of and among patients with diarrhea at public health facilities in Adama, Ethiopia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 232 patients with diarrhea at public health facilities in Adama, Ethiopia, from February 2017 to March 2017. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were examined for and species using the culture and serological methods. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of independent variables with the outcome. A -value ⩽ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
RESULTS: The prevalence of and -associated acute diarrhea was 18.1%. The most common isolates were (23.8%) and (21.4%). was 80% resistant to both chloramphenicol and tetracycline. was 66.7% resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. Those patients aged 11-20 years (adjusted odds ratio: 4.61, 95% confidence interval: 2.48, 7.34), who feed raw vegetables (adjusted odds ratio: 3.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.32, 8.59), and who did not wash hands with soap before a meal (adjusted odds ratio: 2.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.96, 7.48) and after using the toilet (adjusted odds ratio: 3.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.43, 7.36) had higher odds of acute bacterial diarrhea.
CONCLUSION: and were the major causes of acute diarrhea. Most of the isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. patients aged 11-20 years, who feed raw vegetables, and who did not wash hands with soap before the meal and after using the toilet had higher odds of acute bacterial diarrhea. Continuous surveillance and the implementation of infection prevention strategies are needed to mitigate acute bacterial diarrhea.
