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Psychology, public policy, and law : an official law review of the University of Arizona College of Law and the University of Miami School of Law
May, 2017;23 (2): 200-210.

Challenging the Credibility of Alleged Victims of Child Sexual Abuse in Scottish Courts.

Zsófia A Szojka, Samantha J Andrews, Michael E Lamb, Stacia N Stolzenberg, Thomas D Lyon
Author Information
  1. Zsófia A Szojka: Zsófia A. Szojka, School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London; Samantha J. Andrews and Michael E. Lamb, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge; Stacia N. Stolzenberg, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University; Thomas D. Lyon, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California.
  2. Samantha J Andrews: Zsófia A. Szojka, School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London; Samantha J. Andrews and Michael E. Lamb, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge; Stacia N. Stolzenberg, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University; Thomas D. Lyon, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California.
  3. Michael E Lamb: Zsófia A. Szojka, School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London; Samantha J. Andrews and Michael E. Lamb, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge; Stacia N. Stolzenberg, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University; Thomas D. Lyon, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California.
  4. Stacia N Stolzenberg: Zsófia A. Szojka, School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London; Samantha J. Andrews and Michael E. Lamb, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge; Stacia N. Stolzenberg, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University; Thomas D. Lyon, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California.
  5. Thomas D Lyon: Zsófia A. Szojka, School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London; Samantha J. Andrews and Michael E. Lamb, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge; Stacia N. Stolzenberg, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University; Thomas D. Lyon, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California.
PMID: 31555043 DOI: 10.1037/law0000117

Abstract

This study examined the effects of credibility-challenging questions ( = 2,729) on 62 5- to 17-year-olds' testimony in child sexual abuse cases in Scotland by categorizing the type, source, and content of the credibility-challenging questions defense lawyers asked and assessing how children responded. Credibility-challenging questions comprised 14.9% of all questions asked during cross-examination. Of defense lawyers' credibility-challenging questions, 77.8% focused generally on children's honesty, whereas the remainder referred to specific inconsistencies in the children's testimony. Children resisted credibility challenges 54% of the time, significantly more often than they provided compliant responses (26.8%). The tendency to resist was significantly lower for questions focused on specific rather than general inconsistencies, and peripheral rather than central content. Overall, children resisted credibility challenges more often when the aim and content of the question could be understood easily. As this was a field study, the accuracy of children's responses could not be assessed. The findings suggest that credibility-challenging questions that place unrealistic demands on children's memory capacities (e.g., questions focused on peripheral content or highly specific details) occur frequently, and that juries should be made aware of the disproportionate effects of such questioning on the consistency of children's testimony.

Keywords

Scotland child sexual abuse children’s responses credibility-challenging questions defense cross-examination

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Grants

  1. R01 HD047290/NICHD NIH HHS
  2. R01 HD087685/NICHD NIH HHS
Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 3

Word Cloud

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