Soyuretox, an Intrinsically Disordered Polypeptide Derived from Soybean (Glycine Max) Ubiquitous Urease with Potential Use as a Biopesticide.
Karine Kappaun, Anne H S Martinelli, Valquiria Broll, Barbara Zambelli, Fernanda C Lopes, Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun, Leonardo L Fruttero, Natalia R Moyetta, Carla D Bonan, Celia R Carlini, Stefano Ciurli
Author Information
Karine Kappaun: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil. karine.kappaun@gmail.com.
Anne H S Martinelli: Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil. ahsmartinelli@yahoo.com.br.
Valquiria Broll: Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil. valbroll@gmail.com. ORCID
Barbara Zambelli: Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy. barbara.zambelli@unibo.it. ORCID
Fernanda C Lopes: Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil. fernandacortezlopes@gmail.com. ORCID
Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun: Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil. ligabue.braun@gmail.com.
Leonardo L Fruttero: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil. leonardofruttero@gmail.com.
Natalia R Moyetta: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina. nataliarmoyetta@gmail.com.
Carla D Bonan: Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil. cbonan@pucrs.br. ORCID
Celia R Carlini: Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil. celia.carlini@pucrs.br. ORCID
Stefano Ciurli: Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy. stefano.ciurli@unibo.it. ORCID
Ureases from different biological sources display non-ureolytic properties that contribute to plant defense, in addition to their classical enzymatic urea hydrolysis. Antifungal and entomotoxic effects were demonstrated for Jaburetox, an intrinsically disordered polypeptide derived from jack bean () urease. Here we describe the properties of Soyuretox, a polypeptide derived from soybean () ubiquitous urease. Soyuretox was fungitoxic to , leading to the production of reactive oxygen species. Soyuretox further induced aggregation of hemocytes, indicating an interference on the insect immune response. No relevant toxicity of Soyuretox to zebrafish larvae was observed. These data suggest the presence of antifungal and entomotoxic portions of the amino acid sequences encompassing both Soyuretox and Jaburetox, despite their small sequence identity. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic data revealed that Soyuretox, in analogy with Jaburetox, possesses an intrinsic and largely disordered nature. Some folding is observed upon interaction of Soyuretox with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, taken here as models for membranes. This observation suggests the possibility for this protein to modify its secondary structure upon interaction with the cells of the affected organisms, leading to alterations of membrane integrity. Altogether, Soyuretox can be considered a promising biopesticide for use in plant protection.