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Japan journal of nursing science : JJNS
Apr, 2020;17 (2): e12311.

Development of the empowerment scale for family caregivers of community-dwelling people with dementia in Japan.

Sayori Sakanashi, Kimie Fujita
Author Information
  1. Sayori Sakanashi: School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. ORCID
  2. Kimie Fujita: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
PMID: 31854122 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12311

Abstract

AIM: This study aimed to develop the empowerment scale for family caregivers of community-dwelling people with dementia (PWD) in Japan (EFCD) and to validate the scale.
METHODS: The questionnaires were mailed to 820 family caregivers of PWD. The first version of the EFCD based on interviews with family caregivers and elderly care specialists and content validity results was tested. Participants also completed the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy and the General Health Questionnaire. For the EFCD development procedure, construct validity was evaluated by item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Criterion validity was tested using Spearman's correlations between scores of the three scales. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland and Altman analysis. The final model was verified by confirmatory factor analysis.
RESULTS: Data from 304 family caregivers were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis identified a 16-item, four-factor structure for the final version of the EFCD, as follows: (a) Excellent Practice in Dementia Care; (b) Understanding the Essence of Dementia Care; (c) Caring for Oneself as well as for the Person with Dementia; and (d) Having Peers with Shared Support Activities. Reliability and validity of the scale was established using the methods described.
CONCLUSIONS: The developed EFCD is a reliable and valid measure that provides a simple assessment of empowerment among family caregivers of PWD.

Keywords

dementia empowerment family caregiver reliability and validity scale development

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Grants

  1. JP 15 K11837/Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science

MeSH Term

Aged
Caregivers
Dementia
Empowerment
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Humans
Independent Living
Japan
Male
Middle Aged
Reproducibility of Results
Self Efficacy
Surveys and Questionnaires
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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