Yuki Katayama: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Takayuki Shimamoto: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Tadaaki Yamada: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Takayuki Takeda: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan.
Takahiro Yamada: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi 570-8540, Japan.
Shinsuke Shiotsu: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto 605-0981, Japan.
Yusuke Chihara: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji 611-0041, Japan.
Osamu Hiranuma: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Otsu City Hospital, Otsu 520-0804, Japan.
Masahiro Iwasaku: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Yoshiko Kaneko: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Junji Uchino: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Koichi Takayama: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Little is known regarding the effectiveness and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) rechallenge after disease progression following initial ICI treatments. To identify eligible patients for ICI rechallenge, we retrospectively analyzed the relationship between clinical profiles and the effect of ICI rechallenge in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We enrolled 35 NSCLC patients at six different institutions who were retreated with ICIs after discontinued initial ICI treatments due to disease progression. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the impact of clinical profiles on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Median PFS and OS were 81 d (95% confidence interval, CI, 41-112 d) and 225 d (95% CI 106-361 d), respectively. The objective response rate was 2.9%, and the disease control rate was 42.9%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Score (ECOG-PS) ≥ 2 (hazard ratio, HR, 2.38; 95% CI 1.03-5.52; 0.043) and body mass index (BMI) > 20 (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.95, 0.036) were significantly associated with PFS of ICI rechallenge. Our observations suggest that poor ECOG-PS and low BMI at intervention with ICI rechallenge may be negative predictors for ICI rechallenge treatment in patients with NSCLC.
