Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training Reduces Circulating Apolipoprotein J Levels and Improves Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Diabetic Women.
Yun Kyung Jeon, Sang Soo Kim, Jong Ho Kim, Hyun Jeong Kim, Hyun Jun Kim, Jang Jun Park, Yuen Suk Cho, So Hee Joung, Ji Ryang Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Sang Heon Song, In Joo Kim, Yong Ki Kim, Young Bum Kim
Author Information
Yun Kyung Jeon: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea. ORCID
Sang Soo Kim: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea. ORCID
Jong Ho Kim: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Hyun Jeong Kim: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Hyun Jun Kim: Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University College of Education, Changwon, Korea.
Jang Jun Park: Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University College of Education, Changwon, Korea.
Yuen Suk Cho: Department of Marine Sports, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea.
So Hee Joung: Nutrition Service Team, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Ji Ryang Kim: Kim Yong Ki Internal Medicine Clinic, Busan, Korea.
Bo Hyun Kim: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Sang Heon Song: Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
In Joo Kim: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Yong Ki Kim: Kim Yong Ki Internal Medicine Clinic, Busan, Korea.
Young Bum Kim: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ORCID
BACKGROUND: Circulating apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) is closely associated with insulin resistance; however, the effect of exercise on circulating ApoJ levels and the association of ApoJ with metabolic indices remain unknown. Here, we investigated whether a combined exercise can alter the circulating ApoJ level, and whether these changes are associated with metabolic indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned into either an exercise (EXE, =30) or control (CON, =15) group. Participants in the EXE group were enrolled in a 12-week program consisting of a combination of aerobic and resistance exercises. At baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, body composition and metabolic parameters including homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and serum ApoJ levels were assessed. RESULTS: In the EXE group, ApoJ levels decreased 26.3% and 19.4%, relative to baseline, at 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. Between-group differences were significant at 8 and 12 weeks (<0.05 and <0.001, respectively). In the EXE group, 12 weeks of exercise resulted in significant decreases in body weight, percent body fat, and HOMA-IR indices. Concurrently, weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/wt) was increased in the EXE group compared with the CON group. Importantly, changes in the ApoJ level were significantly correlated with changes in ASM/wt. CONCLUSION: Exercise training resulted in a significant decrease in the circulating ApoJ level, with changes in ApoJ associated with an improvement in some insulin resistance indices. These data suggest that circulating ApoJ may be a useful metabolic marker for assessing the effects of exercise on insulin resistance.
