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Applied microbiology and biotechnology
May, 2020;104 (9): 3771-3780.

Mechanisms of bactericidal action and resistance of polymyxins for Gram-positive bacteria.

Jianhua Yin, Qiu Meng, Dan Cheng, Jianv Fu, Qixia Luo, Yanqiu Liu, Zhiliang Yu
Author Information
  1. Jianhua Yin: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
  2. Qiu Meng: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
  3. Dan Cheng: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
  4. Jianv Fu: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
  5. Qixia Luo: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
  6. Yanqiu Liu: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
  7. Zhiliang Yu: College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China. zlyu@zjut.edu.cn.
PMID: 32157424 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10525-y

Abstract

Polymyxins are cationic antimicrobial peptides used as the last-line therapy to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The bactericidal activity of polymyxins against Gram-negative bacteria relies on the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged polymyxins and the negatively charged lipid A of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Given that Gram-positive bacteria lack an LPS-containing outer membrane, it is generally acknowledged that polymyxins are less active against Gram-positive bacteria. However, Gram-positive bacteria produce negatively charged teichoic acids, which may act as the target of polymyxins. More and more studies suggest that polymyxins have potential as a treatment for Gram-positive bacterial infection. This mini-review discusses recent advances in the mechanism of the antibacterial activity and resistance of polymyxins in Gram-positive bacteria.Key Points• Teichoic acids play a key role in the action of polymyxins on Gram-positive bacteria.• Polymyxin kills Gram-positive bacteria by disrupting cell surface and oxidative damage.• Modification of teichoic acids and phospholipids contributes to polymyxin resistance in Gram-positive bacteria.• Polymyxins have potential as a treatment for Gram-positive bacterial infection.

Keywords

Gram-positive bacteria Mode of action Polymyxin resistance Polymyxins

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Grants

  1. LY20C010003/Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
  2. 31670114/National Natural Science Foundation of China
  3. 2017YFC1600100/National Key R&D Program of China

MeSH Term

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Polymyxins
Teichoic Acids

Chemicals

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Polymyxins
Teichoic Acids
Journal Article Review
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