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Medicinal research reviews
09, 2020;40 (5): 1833-1870.

Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for osteogenic repair and bone regenerative medicine.

Nazanin Amiryaghoubi, Marziyeh Fathi, Nader Noroozi Pesyan, Mohammad Samiei, Jaleh Barar, Yadollah Omidi
Author Information
  1. Nazanin Amiryaghoubi: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
  2. Marziyeh Fathi: Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  3. Nader Noroozi Pesyan: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
  4. Mohammad Samiei: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  5. Jaleh Barar: Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  6. Yadollah Omidi: Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ORCID
PMID: 32301138 DOI: 10.1002/med.21672

Abstract

The loss of bone tissue is a striking challenge in orthopedic surgery. Tissue engineering using various advanced biofunctional materials is considered a promising approach for the regeneration and substitution of impaired bone tissues. Recently, polymeric supportive scaffolds and biomaterials have been used to rationally promote the generation of new bone tissues. To restore the bone tissue in this context, biofunctional polymeric materials with significant mechanical robustness together with embedded materials can act as a supportive matrix for cellular proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation. The osteogenic regeneration to replace defective tissues demands greater calcium deposits, high alkaline phosphatase activity, and profound upregulation of osteocalcin as a late osteogenic marker. Ideally, the bioactive polymeric scaffolds (BPSs) utilized for bone tissue engineering should impose no detrimental impacts and function as a carrier for the controlled delivery and release of the loaded molecules necessary for the bone tissue regeneration. In this review, we provide comprehensive insights into different synthetic and natural polymers used for the regeneration of bone tissue and discuss various technologies applied for the engineering of BPSs and their physicomechanical properties and biological effects.

Keywords

bioactive materials biofunctional materials bone regenerative medicine polymeric scaffolds tissue engineering

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MeSH Term

Bone and Bones
Humans
Osteogenesis
Polymers
Regenerative Medicine
Tissue Scaffolds

Chemicals

Polymers
Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

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