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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Apr 25, 2020;25 (9):

Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity.

Dominique Delmas, Jianbo Xiao, Anne Vejux, Virginie Aires
Author Information
  1. Dominique Delmas: Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
  2. Jianbo Xiao: International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. ORCID
  3. Anne Vejux: Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France. ORCID
  4. Virginie Aires: Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
PMID: 32344919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092009

Abstract

Silymarin extracted from milk thistle consisting of flavonolignan silybin has shown chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity against various cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential targets of silymarin against various cancers. Silymarin may play on the system of xenobiotics, metabolizing enzymes (phase I and phase II) to protect normal cells against various toxic molecules or to protect against deleterious effects of chemotherapeutic agents on normal cells. Furthermore, silymarin and its main bioactive compounds inhibit organic anion transporters (OAT) and ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) transporters, thus contributing to counteracting potential chemoresistance. Silymarin and its derivatives play a double role, namely, limiting the progression of cancer cells through different phases of the cycle-thus forcing them to evolve towards a process of cell death-and accumulating cancer cells in a phase of the cell cycle-thus making it possible to target a greater number of tumor cells with a specific anticancer agent. Silymarin exerts a chemopreventive effect by inducing intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and reactivating cell death pathways by modulation of the ratio of proapoptotic/antiapoptotic proteins and synergizing with agonists of death domains receptors. In summary, we highlight how silymarin may act as a chemopreventive agent and a chemosensitizer through multiple pathways.

Keywords

ABC transporter cell cycle chemopreventive chemosensitizer intrinsic and extrinsic pathway metabolizing enzymes silybin silymarin

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MeSH Term

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
Apoptosis
Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle Checkpoints
Chemoprevention
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
Humans
Protective Agents
Signal Transduction
Silymarin

Chemicals

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
Protective Agents
Silymarin
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 12

Word Cloud

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