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International journal of molecular sciences
May 05, 2020;21 (9):

Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Essential Virulence Factor Capsular Polysaccharide of .

Gregg S Pettis, Aheli S Mukerji
Author Information
  1. Gregg S Pettis: Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. ORCID
  2. Aheli S Mukerji: Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
PMID: 32380667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093259

Abstract

populates coastal waters around the world, where it exists freely or becomes concentrated in filter feeding mollusks. It also causes rapid and life-threatening sepsis and wound infections in humans. Of its many virulence factors, it is the capsule, composed of capsular polysaccharide (CPS), that plays a critical role in evasion of the host innate immune system by conferring antiphagocytic ability and resistance to complement-mediated killing. CPS may also provoke a portion of the host inflammatory cytokine response to this bacterium. CPS production is biochemically and genetically diverse among strains of , and the carbohydrate diversity of CPS is likely affected by horizontal gene transfer events that result in new combinations of biosynthetic genes. Phase variation between virulent encapsulated opaque colonial variants and attenuated translucent colonial variants, which have little or no CPS, is a common phenotype among strains of this species. One mechanism for generating acapsular variants likely involves homologous recombination between repeat sequences flanking the phosphatase gene within the Group 1 CPS biosynthetic and transport operon. A considerable number of environmental, genetic, and regulatory factors have now been identified that affect CPS gene expression and CPS production in this pathogen.

Keywords

Vibrio capsular polysaccharide phase variation sepsis wound infection

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Grants

  1. NA06OAR4170022, project no. R/PMO-21/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

MeSH Term

Antigens, Bacterial
Bacterial Capsules
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Humans
Operon
Phenotype
Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Structure-Activity Relationship
Vibrio Infections
Vibrio vulnificus
Virulence
Virulence Factors

Chemicals

Antigens, Bacterial
Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Virulence Factors
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 3

Word Cloud

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