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Jun, 2020;6 100037.

, the most important snake involved in human envenomings in the amazon: How venomics contributes to the knowledge of snake biology and clinical toxinology.

Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Jorge Carlos Contreras-Bernal, Pedro Ferreira Bisneto, Jacqueline Sachett, Iran Mendonça da Silva, Marcus Lacerda, Allyson Guimarães da Costa, Fernando Val, Lisele Brasileiro, Marco Aurélio Sartim, Sâmella Silva-de-Oliveira, Paulo Sérgio Bernarde, Igor L Kaefer, Felipe Gobbi Grazziotin, Fan Hui Wen, Ana Maria Moura-da-Silva
Author Information
  1. Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  2. Jorge Carlos Contreras-Bernal: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  3. Pedro Ferreira Bisneto: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  4. Jacqueline Sachett: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  5. Iran Mendonça da Silva: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  6. Marcus Lacerda: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  7. Allyson Guimarães da Costa: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  8. Fernando Val: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  9. Lisele Brasileiro: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  10. Marco Aurélio Sartim: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  11. Sâmella Silva-de-Oliveira: Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  12. Paulo Sérgio Bernarde: Laboratório de Herpetologia, Centro Multidisciplinar, Campus Floresta, Universidade Federal do Acre, Cruzeiro do Sul, AC, Brazil.
  13. Igor L Kaefer: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  14. Felipe Gobbi Grazziotin: Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
  15. Fan Hui Wen: Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
  16. Ana Maria Moura-da-Silva: Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
PMID: 32550592 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2020.100037

Abstract

snakes are mostly endemic of the Amazon rainforest and is certainly the South American pit viper responsible for most of the snakebites in the region. The composition of venom is significantly known and has been used to trace the relevance of the venom phenotype for snake biology and for the impacts in the clinics of human patients involved in accidents by . However, in spite of the wide distribution and the great medical relevance of snakes, taxonomy is not fully resolved and the impacts of the lack of taxonomic resolution on the studies focused on venom or envenoming are currently unknown. venom presents different degrees of compositional variability and is generally coagulotoxic, inducing systemic hematological disturbances and local tissue damage in snakebite patients. Antivenoms are the effective therapy for attenuating the clinical signs. This review brings a comprehensive discussion of the literature concerning snakes encompassing from snake taxonomy, diet and venom composition, towards clinical aspects of snakebite patients and efficacy of the antivenoms. This discussion is highly supported by the contributions that venomics and antivenomics added for the advancement of knowledge of snakes, their venoms and the treatment of accidents they evoke.

Keywords

Antivenom Antivenomics Common lancehead Envenoming Pit viper Snakebite Venomics Viperidae

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