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International journal of molecular sciences
Jun 25, 2020;21 (12):

Platelets in Healthy and Disease States: From Biomarkers Discovery to Drug Targets Identification by Proteomics.

Erica Gianazza, Maura Brioschi, Roberta Baetta, Alice Mallia, Cristina Banfi, Elena Tremoli
Author Information
  1. Erica Gianazza: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy. ORCID
  2. Maura Brioschi: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy. ORCID
  3. Roberta Baetta: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy. ORCID
  4. Alice Mallia: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy. ORCID
  5. Cristina Banfi: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy. ORCID
  6. Elena Tremoli: Proteomics Unit, Monzino Cardiologic Center IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy.
PMID: 32630608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124541

Abstract

Platelets are a heterogeneous small anucleate blood cell population with a central role both in physiological haemostasis and in pathological states, spanning from thrombosis to inflammation, and cancer. Recent advances in proteomic studies provided additional important information concerning the platelet biology and the response of platelets to several pathophysiological pathways. Platelets circulate systemically and can be easily isolated from human samples, making proteomic application very interesting for characterizing the complexity of platelet functions in health and disease as well as for identifying and quantifying potential platelet proteins as biomarkers and novel antiplatelet therapeutic targets. To date, the highly dynamic protein content of platelets has been studied in resting and activated platelets, and several subproteomes have been characterized including platelet-derived microparticles, platelet granules, platelet releasates, platelet membrane proteins, and specific platelet post-translational modifications. In this review, a critical overview is provided on principal platelet proteomic studies focused on platelet biology from signaling to granules content, platelet proteome changes in several diseases, and the impact of drugs on platelet functions. Moreover, recent advances in quantitative platelet proteomics are discussed, emphasizing the importance of targeted quantification methods for more precise, robust and accurate quantification of selected proteins, which might be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, and their strong clinical impact in the near future.

Keywords

antiplatelet drugs blood cells mass spectrometry post-translational modifications proteins

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Grants

  1. 2755301/Ministero della Salute

MeSH Term

Biomarkers
Blood Platelets
Humans
Platelet Activation
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Proteome
Proteomics
Signal Transduction

Chemicals

Biomarkers
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Proteome
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 4

Word Cloud

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