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European journal of clinical nutrition
01, 2021;75 (1): 172-179.

Effects of a high-intensity interval training session and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years.

Michaela Kucab, Nick Bellissimo, Cydney Prusky, Neil R Brett, Julia O Totosy de Zepetnek
Author Information
  1. Michaela Kucab: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
  2. Nick Bellissimo: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
  3. Cydney Prusky: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
  4. Neil R Brett: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
  5. Julia O Totosy de Zepetnek: Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada. julia.totosy@uregina.ca. ORCID
PMID: 32814852 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To investigate the separate and combined effects of a single session of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. Blood glucose, salivary cortisol, and subjective emotions were measured to evaluate potential underlying mechanisms contributing to changes in appetite and cognitive performance.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using a 2 × 2 repeated measures design, 20 youth (n = 12 girls and n = 8 boys; age = 11.4 ± 0.3 years) performed HIIT on a cycle ergometer (7 × 60 s bouts, interspersed by 60 s active recovery) or sitting, followed by consumption of 163 kcal chocolate milk or water. Capillary blood glucose, salivary cortisol, cognitive performance, and subjective appetite and emotions were assessed at baseline and at several time points post-treatment.
RESULTS: Subjective appetite decreased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared water (p = 0.04), and increased from baseline after HIIT compared to sitting (p = 0.01). Participants recalled more words during a short-term memory task and had faster reaction times during an attention task following HIIT compared to sitting (Δ = 1.1 ± 0.02 words, p = 0.03; and Δ = 117.9 ± 23.1 ms, p = 0.01, respectively). Blood glucose increased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared to water (at 10 min: Δ = 1.0 ± 0.33 vs. Δ = 0.29 ± 0.060 mmol/L; p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that HIIT may have a positive effect on aspects of cognitive performance suggest that youth should engage in HIIT-like exercise during recesses and lunch at school to attenuate declines in cognitive performance throughout the day. Registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03305107).

Associated Data

ClinicalTrials.gov | NCT03305107

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MeSH Term

Adolescent
Animals
Appetite
Child
Chocolate
Cognition
Female
High-Intensity Interval Training
Humans
Male
Milk
Clinical Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 4

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0cognitiveperformanceHIITchocolatemilkappetiteyouthbaselinecomparedp = 0yearsglucosesittingconsumptionwaterfollowingsessionintervaltrainingaged9-13Bloodsalivarycortisolsubjectiveemotionsincreased01wordstaskΔ = 1BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:investigateseparatecombinedeffectssinglehighintensitymeasuredevaluatepotentialunderlyingmechanismscontributingchangesSUBJECTS/METHODS:Using2 × 2repeatedmeasuresdesign20n = 12girlsn = 8boysage = 114 ± 03performedcycleergometer7 × 60 sboutsinterspersed60 sactiverecoveryfollowed163 kcalCapillarybloodassessedseveraltimepointspost-treatmentRESULTS:Subjectivedecreased04Participantsrecalledshort-termmemoryfasterreactiontimesattention1 ± 00203Δ = 1179 ± 231 msrespectively10 min:0 ± 033vsΔ = 029 ± 0060 mmol/Lp < 00001CONCLUSIONS:findingsmaypositiveeffectaspectssuggestengageHIIT-likeexerciserecesseslunchschoolattenuatedeclinesthroughoutdayRegisteredhttps://clinicaltrialsgovNCT03305107Effectshigh-intensity

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