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Current clinical microbiology reports
2019;6 (3): 132-138.

Reovirus: Friend and Foe.

Michael R Eledge, Marcelle Dina Zita, Karl W Boehme
Author Information
  1. Michael R Eledge: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
  2. Marcelle Dina Zita: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
  3. Karl W Boehme: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
PMID: 33134034 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-019-00121-8

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is a powerful tool for studying viral replication and pathogenesis. Most reovirus infections are subclinical, however recent work has catapulted reovirus into the clinical spotlight.
RECENT FINDINGS: Owing to its capacity to kill cancer cells more efficiently than normal cells, reovirus is under development as a therapeutic for a variety of cancers. New efforts have focused on genetically engineering reovirus to increase its oncolytic capacity, and determining how reovirus potentiates immunotherapy. Other recent studies highlight a potential role for reovirus in celiac disease (CeD). Using mouse models of CeD, reovirus caused loss of oral tolerance to dietary antigens, opening the possibility that reovirus could trigger CeD in humans.
SUMMARY: We will focus on new developments in reovirus oncolysis and studies suggesting a role for reovirus as a trigger for celiac disease (CeD) that make reovirus a potential friend and foe to human health.

Keywords

cancer celiac disease oncolytics reovirus type-1 interferon

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Grants

  1. P20 GM103625/NIGMS NIH HHS
  2. R01 AI118801/NIAID NIH HHS
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