Honghong Yuan: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Qing Wan: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Yue Huang: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Zheng Chen: Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Xiaojia He: The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21, Beijing 100038, China.
Williamson Gustave: School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of The Bahamas, New Providence, Nassau, The Bahamas.
Maria Manzoor: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xingmei Liu: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xianjin Tang: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: xianjin@zju.edu.cn.
Lena Q Ma: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Jianming Xu: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Global warming severely hinders both rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality and yield by increasing arsenic (As) bioavailability in paddy soils. However, details regarding As biotransformation and migration in the rice-soil system at elevated temperatures remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of increasing temperature on As behavior and translocation in rice grown in As-contaminated paddy soil at two temperature treatments (33 °C warmer temperature and 28 °C as control). The results showed that increasing temperature from 28 °C to 33 °C significantly favored total As, arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(Ⅴ)) release into the soil pore-water. This increase in As bioavailability resulted in significantly higher As(III) accumulation in the whole grains at warmer treatment relative to the control. Moreover, the results suggest that increasing temperature to 33 °C promoted As(III) migration from the roots to the whole grains. Furthermore, the As(V)-reducing Xanthomonadales order and Alcaligenaceae family, and As(V) reductase-encoding arsC gene were enriched in the rhizosphere soils incubated at 33 °C. This suggests that the increase in As bioavailability in that treatment was due to enhanced As(V) reductive dissolution into the soil pore-water. Overall, this study provides new insights on how warmer future temperatures will exacerbate As accumulation in rice grains.
