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PharmacoEconomics
07, 2021;39 (7): 809-822.

What are the Economic Costs to Society Attributable to Alcohol Use? A Systematic Review and Modelling Study.

Jakob Manthey, Syed Ahmed Hassan, Sinclair Carr, Carolin Kilian, Sören Kuitunen-Paul, Jürgen Rehm
Author Information
  1. Jakob Manthey: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany. jakob.manthey@tu-dresden.de. ORCID
  2. Syed Ahmed Hassan: Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada. ORCID
  3. Sinclair Carr: Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. ORCID
  4. Carolin Kilian: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany. ORCID
  5. Sören Kuitunen-Paul: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01309, Dresden, Germany. ORCID
  6. Jürgen Rehm: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany. ORCID
PMID: 33970445 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01031-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Alcohol-attributable costs to society are captured by cost-of-illness studies, however estimates are often not comparable, e.g. due to the omission of relevant cost components. In this contribution we (1) summarize the societal costs attributable to alcohol use, and (2) estimate the total costs under the assumption that all cost components are considered.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted for studies reporting costs from alcohol consumption for the years 2000 and later, using the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases. Cost estimates were converted into 2019 international dollars (Int$) per adult and into percentage of gross domestic product (GDP). For each study, weights were calculated to correct for the exclusion of cost indicators.
RESULTS: Of 1708 studies identified, 29 were included, and the mean costs of alcohol use amounted to 817.6 Int$ per adult (95% confidence interval [CI] 601.8-1033.4), equivalent to 1.5% of the GDP (95% CI 1.2-1.7%). Adjusting for omission of cost components, the economic costs of alcohol consumption were estimated to amount to 1306 Int$ per adult (95% CI 873-1738), or 2.6% (95% CI 2.0-3.1%) of the GDP. About one-third of costs (38.8%) were incurred through direct costs, while the majority of costs were due to losses in productivity (61.2%).
DISCUSSION: The identified cost studies were mainly conducted in high-income settings, with high heterogeneity in the employed methodology. Accounting for some methodological variations, our findings demonstrate that alcohol use continues to incur a high level of cost to many societies.
REGISTRATION: PROSPERO #CRD42020139594.

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MeSH Term

Adult
Alcohol Drinking
Cost of Illness
Health Care Costs
Humans
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Systematic Review Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 230

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0costscostalcoholstudies95%components1use2Int$peradultGDPCIestimatesdueomissionconductedconsumptionidentifiedhighBACKGROUND:Alcohol-attributablesocietycapturedcost-of-illnesshoweveroftencomparableegrelevantcontributionsummarizesocietalattributableestimatetotalassumptionconsideredMETHODS:systematicreviewmeta-analysesreportingyears2000laterusingEMBASEMEDLINEdatabasesCostconverted2019internationaldollarspercentagegrossdomesticproductstudyweightscalculatedcorrectexclusionindicatorsRESULTS:170829includedmeanamounted8176confidenceinterval[CI]6018-10334equivalent5%2-17%Adjustingeconomicestimatedamount1306873-17386%0-31%one-third388%incurreddirectmajoritylossesproductivity612%DISCUSSION:mainlyhigh-incomesettingsheterogeneityemployedmethodologyAccountingmethodologicalvariationsfindingsdemonstratecontinuesincurlevelmanysocietiesREGISTRATION:PROSPERO#CRD42020139594EconomicCostsSocietyAttributableAlcoholUse?SystematicReviewModellingStudy

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