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Frontiers in microbiology
2021;12 677634.

Porcine RIG-I and MDA5 Signaling CARD Domains Exert Similar Antiviral Function Against Different Viruses.

Shuangjie Li, Qi Shao, Yuanyuan Zhu, Xingyu Ji, Jia Luo, Yulin Xu, Xueliang Liu, Wanglong Zheng, Nanhua Chen, François Meurens, Jianzhong Zhu
Author Information
  1. Shuangjie Li: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  2. Qi Shao: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  3. Yuanyuan Zhu: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  4. Xingyu Ji: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  5. Jia Luo: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  6. Yulin Xu: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  7. Xueliang Liu: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  8. Wanglong Zheng: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  9. Nanhua Chen: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
  10. François Meurens: BIOEPAR, INRAE, Oniris, Nantes, France.
  11. Jianzhong Zhu: Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
PMID: 34177861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.677634

Abstract

The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I and MDA5 play critical roles in sensing and fighting viral infections. Although RIG-I and MDA5 have similar molecular structures, these two receptors have distinct features during activation. Further, the signaling domains of the N terminal CARD domains (CARDs) in RIG-I and MDA5 share poor similarity. Therefore, we wonder whether the CARDs of RIG-I and MDA5 play similar roles in signaling and antiviral function. Here we expressed porcine RIG-I and MDA5 CARDs in 293T cells and porcine alveolar macrophages and found that MDA5 CARDs exhibit higher expression and stronger signaling activity than RIG-I CARDs. Nevertheless, both RIG-I and MDA5 CARDs exert comparable antiviral function against several viruses. Transcriptome analysis showed that MDA5 CARDs are more effective in regulating downstream genes. However, in the presence of virus, both RIG-I and MDA5 CARDs exhibit similar effects on downstream gene transcriptions, reflecting their antiviral function.

Keywords

CARD RLRs antiviral function porcine signaling activity transcriptome

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