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Phytotherapy research : PTR
Nov, 2021;35 (11): 6089-6100.

Synergistic potential of essential oils with antibiotics to combat fungal pathogens: Present status and future perspectives.

Riya Bhattacharya, Rajan Rolta, Kamal Dev, Anuradha Sourirajan
Author Information
  1. Riya Bhattacharya: Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
  2. Rajan Rolta: Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
  3. Kamal Dev: Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
  4. Anuradha Sourirajan: Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. ORCID
PMID: 34324240 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7218

Abstract

The steady rise in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant fungal pathogens has rendered most of the clinical antibiotics available in the market to be ineffective. Therefore, alternative strategies are required to tackle drug-resistant fungal infections. An effective solution is to combine the available antibiotics with adjuvants such as phytochemicals or essential oils to enhance the efficacy and activity of antibiotics. The present review aims to summarize the studies on synergistic combinations of essential oils and anti-fungal antibiotics. The current findings, methods used for measuring synergistic effects, possible mechanisms of synergism, and future perspectives for developing synergistic EO-antibiotic therapeutic formulations are discussed in this study. Several essential oils exhibit synergistic effect in combination with antibiotics against human fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans. The possible mechanisms of synergy exhibited by essential oil- antibiotic combinations in fungi include disruption of cell wall structure/ ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, enhanced transdermal penetration of antibiotics, alterations in membrane permeability, intracellular leakage of cellular contents, inhibition of germ tube formation or fungal biofilm formation, and competition for a primary target. Synergistic combination of essential oils and antibiotics can prove to be a valid and pragmatic alternative to develop drugs with increased drug-efficacy, and low toxicity.

Keywords

Candida albicans antibiotics drug resistance essential oils human fungal infections medicinal plants synergistic

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Grants

  1. /The Department of Science and Technology, Government of India

MeSH Term

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antifungal Agents
Candida albicans
Drug Synergism
Humans
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Oils, Volatile
Plant Oils

Chemicals

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antifungal Agents
Oils, Volatile
Plant Oils
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 2

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