Specific electromagnetic radiation in the wireless signal range increases wakefulness in mice.
Lingyu Liu, Hu Deng, Xiaping Tang, Yingxian Lu, Jiayao Zhou, Xiaofei Wang, Yanyu Zhao, Bing Huang, Yigong Shi
Author Information
Lingyu Liu: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Hu Deng: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ORCID
Xiaping Tang: Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China. ORCID
Yingxian Lu: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Jiayao Zhou: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Xiaofei Wang: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yanyu Zhao: Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China.
Bing Huang: Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China.
Yigong Shi: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; syg@westlake.edu.cn.
Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the environment has increased sharply in recent decades. The effect of environmental EMR on living organisms remains poorly characterized. Here, we report the impact of wireless-range EMR on the sleep architecture of mouse. Prolonged exposure to 2.4-GHz EMR modulated by 100-Hz square pulses at a nonthermal output level results in markedly increased time of wakefulness in mice. These mice display corresponding decreased time of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). In contrast, prolonged exposure to unmodulated 2.4-GHz EMR at the same time-averaged output level has little impact on mouse sleep. These observations identify alteration of sleep architecture in mice as a specific physiological response to prolonged wireless-range EMR exposure.
