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Aug 03, 2021;11 (8):

Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad.

Danny Franciele da Silva Dias Moraes, João R Mesquita, Valéria Dutra, Maria São José Nascimento
Author Information
  1. Danny Franciele da Silva Dias Moraes: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil. ORCID
  2. João R Mesquita: Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. ORCID
  3. Valéria Dutra: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil.
  4. Maria São José Nascimento: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. ORCID
PMID: 34438747 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082290

Abstract

Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.

Keywords

Brazil HEV One Health zoonotic

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