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Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Aug 20, 2021;10 (8):

Intensive Environmental Surveillance Plan for in Food Producing Plants and Retail Stores of Central Italy: Prevalence and Genetic Diversity.

Gabriella Centorotola, Fabrizia Guidi, Guglielmo D'Aurizio, Romolo Salini, Marco Di Domenico, Donatella Ottaviani, Annalisa Petruzzelli, Stefano Fisichella, Anna Duranti, Franco Tonucci, Vicdalia Aniela Acciari, Marina Torresi, Francesco Pomilio, Giuliana Blasi
Author Information
  1. Gabriella Centorotola: Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  2. Fabrizia Guidi: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
  3. Guglielmo D'Aurizio: ARS P.F. Prevenzione Veterinaria e Sicurezza Alimentare, Regione Marche, via Don Gioia, 8, 60122 Ancona, Italy.
  4. Romolo Salini: Centro Operativo Veterinario Per l'Epidemiologia, Programmazione, Informazione e Analisi del Rischio (COVEPI), National Reference Center for Veterinary Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  5. Marco Di Domenico: Centro di Referenza Nazionale Per Sequenze Genomiche di Microrganismi Patogeni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  6. Donatella Ottaviani: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
  7. Annalisa Petruzzelli: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
  8. Stefano Fisichella: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
  9. Anna Duranti: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
  10. Franco Tonucci: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
  11. Vicdalia Aniela Acciari: Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  12. Marina Torresi: Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  13. Francesco Pomilio: Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. ORCID
  14. Giuliana Blasi: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy. ORCID
PMID: 34441721 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081944

Abstract

() can persist in food processing environments (FPEs), surviving environmental stresses and disinfectants. We described an intensive environmental monitoring plan performed in Central Italy and involving food producing plants (FPPs) and retail grocery stores (RSs). The aim of the study was to provide a snapshot of the circulation in different FPEs during a severe listeriosis outbreak, using whole genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate the genetic diversity of the isolated, evaluating their virulence and stress resistance profiles. A total of 1217 samples were collected in 86 FPEs with 12.0% of positive surfaces at FPPs level and 7.5% at RSs level; 133 isolates were typed by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and core genome MLST (cgMLST). Clonal complex (CC) 121 (25.6%), CC9 (22.6%), CC1 (11.3%), CC3 (10.5%), CC191 (4.5%), CC7 (4.5%) and CC31 (3.8%) were the most frequent MLST clones. Among the 26 cgMLST clusters obtained, 5 of them persisted after sanitization and were re-isolated during the follow-up sampling. All the CC121 harboured the _ gene for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride and the stress survival islet SSI-2. The CC3, CC7, CC9, CC31 and CC191 carried the SSI-1. All the CC9 and CC121 strains presented a premature stop codon in the gene. In addition to the Pathogenicity Island 1 (LIPI-1), CC1, CC3 and CC191 harboured the LIPI-3. The application of intensive environmental sampling plans for the detection and WGS analysis of isolates could improve surveillance and early detection of outbreaks.

Keywords

QAC-resistance WGS typing environmental stress resistance food processing environments foodborne pathogen monitoring plan persistence virulence

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Journal Article

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0environmental5%foodFPEsWGSstressMLSTCC9CC3CC191processingenvironmentsintensivemonitoringplanCentralFPPsRSsgenomesequencingvirulenceresistancelevelisolatestypingcgMLST6%CC14CC7CC31samplingCC121harbouredgenedetectioncanpersistsurvivingstressesdisinfectantsdescribedperformedItalyinvolvingproducingplantsretailgrocerystoresaimstudyprovidesnapshotcirculationdifferentseverelisteriosisoutbreakusingwholeinvestigategeneticdiversityisolatedevaluatingprofilestotal1217samplescollected86120%positivesurfaces7133typedmultilocuscoreClonalcomplexCC1212522113%1038%frequentclonesAmong26clustersobtained5persistedsanitizationre-isolatedfollow-up_tolerancebenzalkoniumchloridesurvivalisletSSI-2carriedSSI-1strainspresentedprematurestopcodonadditionPathogenicityIsland1LIPI-1LIPI-3applicationplansanalysisimprovesurveillanceearlyoutbreaksIntensiveEnvironmentalSurveillancePlanFoodProducingPlantsRetailStoresItaly:PrevalenceGeneticDiversityQAC-resistancefoodbornepathogenpersistence

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