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2021;3 (9): 000262.

Disseminated sporotrichosis in a person with human immunodeficiency virus disease.

Vhudzani Tshisevhe, Lebogang Skosana, Kagiso Motse, Tinashe Maphosa, Barend Mitton
Author Information
  1. Vhudzani Tshisevhe: Lancet Laboratories, Rustenburg, South Africa. ORCID
  2. Lebogang Skosana: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID
  3. Kagiso Motse: Department Internal Medicine, Job Shimankana Tabane Hospital, Rustenburg, South Africa. ORCID
  4. Tinashe Maphosa: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department Dermatology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID
  5. Barend Mitton: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID
PMID: 34712907 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000262

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Disseminated sporotrichosis is an incapacitating infection caused by the dimorphic fungus . Because this condition may mimic the presentation of tuberculosis, syphilis and other bacterial infections, the diagnosis may be missed or delayed.
CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of disseminated sporotrichosis in a patient with poorly controlled human immunodeficiency virus infection. The patient was initially treated for bacterial skin infections. The differential diagnosis also included tuberculosis and syphilis. Only after appropriate specimens had been sent for microbiological and histopathological investigations was the diagnosis of disseminated sporotrichosis made and appropriate treatment started. The patient showed a good clinical response to itraconazole.
CONCLUSION: This report highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion of endemic mycoses when managing immunocompromised patients. The report also demonstrates that a delay in the diagnosis of sporotrichosis increases morbidity and results in unnecessary and inappropriate treatment with associated costs and adverse effects.

Keywords

Sporothrix schenkii disseminated sporotrichosis human immunodeficiency virus sporotrichosis

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