To dissect the etiology and clinical features of congenital microtia with retroauricular subperiosteal abscess, and to explore its pathogenesis and prognosis. Among 178 patients with congenital microtia, 7 cases concomitant with " retroauricular subperiosteal abscess" were collected in this retrospective study . All of the 7 patients underwent mastoidotomy, the lesions were cleared, and secretions were sent to the bacterial culture test. According to the middle ear lesions, we performedopen mastoidectomy + tympanoplasty in 3 cases��� wall mastoidectomy + tympanoplasty in 3 cases of andradical mastoidectomy in 1 case.The wound healing was observed subsequently��� and the patients were followed up 3 months later. The patients were mainly young. The average of air-bone gap before operation was ���57.14��9.51��� dB. The average ofair-bone gap after operation was ���40.00��11.54��� dB, which was lower than that before ���17.14��11.12��� dB. The operation can effectively control the flow of pus and improve hearing. Postoperative ear abscess was effectively controlled, and there is no recurrence, after half a year of follow-up. Early diagnosis of mastoiditis is of great significance for congenital microtia complicated with retroauricular subperiosteal abscess. It should be diagnosed and intervened as soon as possible. Once it develops into abscess, tympanoplasty should be performed as soon as possible, for cleaning lesions and draining obstruction, subsequently as to provide favorable conditions for the repair of auricular malformation.
