Detection and Quantification of Tp53 and p53-Anti-p53 Autoantibody Immune Complex: Promising Biomarkers in Early Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis.
Keum-Soo Song, Satish Balasaheb Nimse, Shrikant Dashrath Warkad, Jung-Hoon Kim, Hey-Jin Kim, Taisun Kim
Author Information
Keum-Soo Song: Biometrix Technology, Inc., 2-2 Bio Venture Plaza 56, Chuncheon 24232, Korea.
Satish Balasaheb Nimse: Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Korea. ORCID
Shrikant Dashrath Warkad: Biometrix Technology, Inc., 2-2 Bio Venture Plaza 56, Chuncheon 24232, Korea.
Jung-Hoon Kim: Biometrix Technology, Inc., 2-2 Bio Venture Plaza 56, Chuncheon 24232, Korea.
Hey-Jin Kim: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
Taisun Kim: Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Korea.
Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming nearly 1.80 million lives in 2020. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality by about 20% compared to standard chest X-rays among current or heavy smokers. However, several reports indicate that LDCT has a high false-positive rate. In this regard, methods based on biomarker detection offer excellent potential for developing noninvasive cancer diagnostic tests to complement LDCT for detecting stage 0∼IV lung cancers. Herein, we have developed a method for detecting and quantifying a p53-anti-p53 autoantibody complex and the total p53 antigen (wild and mutant). The LOD for detecting Tp53 and PIC were 7.41 pg/mL and 5.74 pg/mL, respectively. The detection ranges for both biomarkers were 0-7500 pg/mL. The known interfering agents in immunoassays such as biotin, bilirubin, intra-lipid, and hemoglobin did not detect Tp53 and PIC, even at levels that were several folds higher levels than their normal levels. Furthermore, the present study provides a unique report on this preliminary investigation using the PIC/Tp53 ratio to detect stage I-IV lung cancers. The presented method detects lung cancers with 81.6% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity. These results indicate that the presented method has high applicability for the identification of lung cancer patients from the healthy population.
