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Current topics in microbiology and immunology
2024;445 109-125.

Experimental Urethral Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Andreea Waltmann, Joseph A Duncan, Gerald B Pier, Colette Cywes-Bentley, Myron S Cohen, Marcia M Hobbs
Author Information
  1. Andreea Waltmann: School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
  2. Joseph A Duncan: School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
  3. Gerald B Pier: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
  4. Colette Cywes-Bentley: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
  5. Myron S Cohen: School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
  6. Marcia M Hobbs: School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA. marcia_hobbs@med.unc.edu.
PMID: 35246736 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_250

Abstract

Gonorrhea rates and antibiotic resistance are both increasing. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) is an exclusively human pathogen and is exquisitely adapted to its natural host. Ng can subvert immune responses and undergoes frequent antigenic variation, resulting in limited immunity and protection from reinfection. Previous gonococcal vaccine efforts have been largely unsuccessful, and the last vaccine to be tested in humans was more than 35 years ago. Advancing technologies and the threat of untreatable gonorrhea have fueled renewed pursuit of a vaccine as a long-term sustainable solution for gonorrhea control. Despite the development of a female mouse model of genital gonococcal infection two decades ago, correlates of immunity or protection remain largely unknown, making the gonococcus a challenging vaccine target. The controlled human urethral infection model of gonorrhea (Ng CHIM) has been used to study gonococcal pathogenesis and the basis of anti-gonococcal immunity. Over 200 participants have been inoculated without serious adverse events. The Ng CHIM replicates the early natural course of urethral infection. We are now at an inflexion point to pivot the use of the model for vaccine testing to address the urgency of improved gonorrhea control. Herein we discuss the need for gonorrhea vaccines, and the advantages and limitations of the Ng CHIM in accelerating the development of gonorrhea vaccines.

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Grants

  1. U01 AI114378/NIAID NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhea
Humans
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Urethra
Bacterial Vaccines
Mice
Female

Chemicals

Bacterial Vaccines
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 1

Word Cloud

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