Photonics enabled intelligence system to identify SARS-CoV 2 mutations.
Bakr Ahmed Taha, Qussay Al-Jubouri, Yousif Al Mashhadany, Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Bin Zan, Ahmad Ashrif A Bakar, Mahmoud Muhanad Fadhel, Norhana Arsad
Author Information
Bakr Ahmed Taha: UKM-Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Malaysia.
Qussay Al-Jubouri: Department of Communication Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, 00964, Iraq.
Yousif Al Mashhadany: Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Anbar, 00964, Iraq.
Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Bin Zan: UKM-Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Malaysia.
Ahmad Ashrif A Bakar: UKM-Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Malaysia.
Mahmoud Muhanad Fadhel: UKM-Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Malaysia.
Norhana Arsad: UKM-Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Malaysia. noa@ukm.edu.my. ORCID
The COVID-19, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV are hazardous epidemics that have resulted in many deaths which caused a worldwide debate. Despite control efforts, SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread, and the fast spread of this highly infectious illness has posed a grave threat to global health. The effect of the SARS-CoV-2 mutation, on the other hand, has been characterized by worrying variations that modify viral characteristics in response to the changing resistance profile of the human population. The repeated transmission of virus mutation indicates that epidemics are likely to occur. Therefore, an early identification system of ongoing mutations of SARS-CoV-2 will provide essential insights for planning and avoiding future outbreaks. This article discussed the following highlights: First, comparing the omicron mutation with other variants; second, analysis and evaluation of the spread rate of the SARS-CoV 2 variations in the countries; third, identification of mutation areas in spike protein; and fourth, it discussed the photonics approaches enabled with artificial intelligence. Therefore, our goal is to identify the SARS-CoV 2 virus directly without the need for sample preparation or molecular amplification procedures. Furthermore, by connecting through the optical network, the COVID-19 test becomes a component of the Internet of healthcare things to improve precision, service efficiency, and flexibility and provide greater availability for the evaluation of the general population. KEY POINTS: • A proposed framework of photonics based on AI for identifying and sorting SARS-CoV 2 mutations. • Comparative scatter rates Omicron variant and other SARS-CoV 2 variations per country. • Evaluating mutation areas in spike protein and AI enabled by photonic technologies for SARS-CoV 2 virus detection.
