Edible and medicinal mushrooms are extensively cultivated and commercially consumed around the world. However, green mold disease (causal agent, spp.) has resulted in severe crop losses on mushroom farms worldwide in recent years and has become an obstacle to the development of the industry in China. In this study, a new species and a new fungal pathogen on fruitbodies were identified based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of two genes, the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) and the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) genes. The new species, sp. nov., belongs to the Harzianum clade, and the new fungal pathogen was identified as . Furthermore, in order to better understand the interaction between and mushrooms, as well as the potential biocontrol value of pathogenic , we summarized the species and their mushroom hosts as best as possible, and the phylogenetic relationships within mushroom pathogenic species were discussed.